Ecology - Papers On Ecology
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Water Pollution And Paper Manufacturing
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8 pages in length. The pulp and paper industry produces a significant amount of chemical waste by way of its manufacturing processes. These toxic substances, which include inorganics for pulping and bleaching to slimicides and polymers for retention and wet and dry strength, have caused a great deal of water pollution having been allowed to freely run into potable supplies. This runoff effect has caused growing concerns with regard to the overall negative impact pulp and paper mills have upon the environment. As a means by which to address these concerns, countries worldwide have begun to focus upon the implementation of regulatory and monitoring programs, with recycling representing just one element. Still, there exist water pollutants from recycling methods, however, government regulations are expected to address these issues by mandating the use of special chemicals made to control and remove the contaminants. The writer discusses water pollution as it relates to the paper manufacturing industry. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: TLCpaper.wps

Apalachicola Bay / The Threat Of Pollution From Inadequate Sewage Treatment
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6 pages in length. Florida's Apalachicola Bay is in grave danger. The fact that raw sewage and toxic chemicals are floating around in its waters, contaminating the ecosystem that depends upon its flow for life-giving components, has played a significant role in rendering the bay a health hazard. The reason for this perpetual contamination is that the existing sewage treatment program is woefully inadequate, having little effect on the massive amounts of contaminants present within the water. In economic terms, such contamination means a considerable threat to the various seafood products acquired from the bay, including its well-known oysters, fish, shrimp and crab supply. The waters that flow in the Apalachicola Bay are essential for sustaining these entities, as well as providing nourishment to the valuable seal life that represents the area's biodiversity. The writer discusses how inadequate sewage treatment is threatening the Apalachicola Bay. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCApBay.wps

Nonpoint Pollution: Acid Rain and the Role of Vegetation and Sediment
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A 10 page overview of the factors which contributes to nonpoint pollution. Emphasizes the impact of nonpoint pollution to acid rain and in turn to water pollution. Discusses the impact of nonpoint pollution to vegetation and, in turn, the role of vegetation in buffering the effects of acid rain. Devises a simple study designed to access the degree of this phenomena using data which has already been collected by state and federal agencies and correlating this data to vegetative types identified using aerial photographs. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPenvWat.wps

Water Pollution and Acid Rain Deposition in Victoria, British Columbia
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This 18 page paper provides an introduction to the issue of water pollution and water quality in Victoria, British Columbia, and determines the nature of the issue and possible ways of addressing the problem. This paper takes an active or process oriented view of the problem, and defines the importance of the issue in the future. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHwatpol.wps

Environmental Problems In The Chesapeke Bay Area
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Population growth and water pollution is studied and causes for the resulting problems are sought. Several environmental theories are explored regarding population in this 7 page analysis. Maryland population statistics are used and demographics are considered in comparison with national data. Current trends are noted. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Chespeak.wps

Fresh Water – A Precious and Fading Natural Resource in Austin, Texas
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5 pages in length. The population growth in Austin Texas is causing the pollution and loss of water in the area. Describes the situation and the steps the city is taking to deal with it. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JGAaustn.wps

Los Angeles and Owens Valley: Over 80 Years of Water Conflict
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This 10 page paper relates the story of the conflicts between Los Angeles and Owens Valley over water rights and access to water through the Owens Valley Aqueduct, which was built to provide access to water for the city of Los Angeles. This paper provides both sides of this issue, including the charge by farmers in Owens Valley that the water distribution has depleted the valley of a necessary resource for agriculture and the argument that Los Angeles needed the water resources and built the aqueduct for that purpose. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHowensv.wps

Marine Pollution
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A 3 page paper discussing the ocean’s reaction to polluting influences. Unless shocked beyond recovery, any body of water has the power to at partially clean itself, given enough time and enough physical space. The great witness to that ability is that we have not been able to “kill” any vast areas, in spite of apparent attempts to do so. The paper describes how inland farming pollution adversely affected the southern North Carolina coast following Hurricane Fran in 1996. Shellfish populations and commercial fishing had nearly recovered by the time Hurricane Floyd caused extensive inland flooding in 1999. The effects on the ocean have already been seen as floodwaters have moved through rivers into the ocean; how long recovery will take from this disaster is unknown. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: KSpollute.wps

Ocean Dumping
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A 5 page paper concerning the hazards of ocean dumping. The author discusses the many ways in which the ocean is polluted, the effects, and the solution. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Oceandum.wps

River Pollution, Causes & Solutions
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A 5 page essay on the causes of river pollution and some of the solutions that are being implemented to cope with the problems. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Riverpol.wps

Water Pollution / Problems and Solutions
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A 9 page paper on the problems facing the world, and particularly the U.S., in regards to water pollution. The paper concentrates on streams, surface and ground water pollution and the most likely polluters of those waters. The solutions addressed include cooperative efforts, educational efforts, technology and changes in the law. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Wpol.wps

Water Pollution Via Sewage Inputs / Regulations & Alternatives
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A 10 page overview f the problems of water pollution caused by domestic wastes. Discusses regulation and the factors which influence it and identifies two alternative methods for treatment and discharge. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Watpoll.wps

Alternatives for Municipal Waste
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A 4 page paper, with a one page outline, which discusses the current conditions relating to municipal waste and the alternatives that are being implemented to deal with the problems. The most obvious type of implementation being put into use today is recycling. Unfortunately, this does not always work. A definition of the types of recycling are illustrated. In addition we illustrate the method of waste-to-energy, which presents a very positive way to dispose of waste. Unfortunately no one method can prove completely effective, but perhaps through every possible way of disposing of waste, we can see the future in a more positive light in regards to refuse. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAwaste.wps

Solid Waste Management / Disposal vs Recycling New York
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This 11 page paper looks at the use of landfills as a major problem in the Northeast. Recycling is discussed in detail as an effective method to handle solid waste. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Garbage.doc

Toxic Waste Disposal
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An 11 page discussion of disposal options for toxic wastes. Compares the attributes and disadvantages of landfill disposal, waterway disposal, bioremediation, and incineration. Emphasizes the advantages of incineration but points out concerns such as resulting air pollutants and the regulations which serve to lessen those pollutants. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PPtoxic.wps

Engineering and Hazardous Waste Disposal: Impacts on Society
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A 5 page discussion of the societal responsibilities of an environmental engineer in ensuring the most appropriate disposal methods for hazardous wastes. Written from the perspective of an engineer who has worked for a federal regulatory agency for five years, this paper emphasizes the importance of staying abreast of the most recent developments in hazardous waste disposal, being able to work within a multidisciplinarian environment, and remaining convicted to the best choice of disposal methods despite public opinion or pressures from outside sources. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPenginr.wps

Hazardous Waste / The Problem & Its Potential Solutions
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A 10 page overview of the problem of hazardous waste and current methodologies for treatment. Emphasizes bioremediation of contamination using bacteria and safe disposal of nuclear wastes. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Hazwas.wps

Household Consumer Waste Analyzed
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An 8 page paper which discusses the concept of household consumer waste by exploring definitions, impact of behavioral attitudes and its repercussions on a more environmentally-conscious society. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Conwaste.wps

Love Canal
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This 6 page report discusses the circumstances surrounding the toxic waste disaster of Love Canal, New York -- probably the country’s a most notorious and infamous hazardous waste site. It was not the first, it was not the worst, but it did grab headlines, draw attention, and stimulated scientists, industrial leaders, politicians, government officials, and grassroots activists. The Love Canal problem was uncovered nearly thirty years ago, however, the impact of the damage done in the area, the expense and personal anguish, the fact that much of the land was determined to be completely unsafe for human habitation has stayed in America’s consciousness as an example of how far a pollution problem can go. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: BWluvcan.wps

Municipal Waste
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A 6 page paper that explores the issue of municipal waste. The writer first defines 'waste,' then discusses the amount generated and the effect it has on individuals and the environment. What is being done about waste and what could be done are discussed. 1 table is included. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGwaste.msw

Nuclear Waste Disposal & Environmental Hazards
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7 pages in length. A look at how much waste will be created from post-Cold War arms reduction and the serious problems mankind faces in trying to get rid of it. A thorough discussion is provided about the lifespan of specific radioactive elements, the true health risks faced by humans, and the terrible problem that continues to grow in sites like Nevada, U.S.A. where more and more waste is dumped while governments still continue to search for a more feasible solution. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Nukewas.wps

Repercussions Of Toxic Waste
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6 pages in length. It is not as though no one saw the problem escalating long before it reached its current out-of-control proportion; rather, toxic waste and the myriad problems that accompany it have been noted for the past several decades. But it has only been in more recent years that the great threat of toxic waste repercussion upon the ecosystem has been truly recognized for the irreparable damage it has caused. Because of this ongoing damage, environmental groups are scrambling to reverse some of the negative influence toxic waste has cast upon the land, air and water. The writer discusses such repercussions as they deal with toxic waste. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Toxiwast.wps

Stauber & Rampton/Toxic Sludge
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A 5 page analysis of the book Toxic Sludge is Good for You by John C. Stauber and Sheldon Rampton. This book outlines the dubious activities of the public relations industry--how it started with duplicity and has, ever since, continued to manipulate public opinion for whomever will pay‹which is usually industry, but sometimes government. The authors argue persuasively that the process of the free exchange of ideas has been polluted and degraded by this industry, which began by convincing American women to take up a habit that causes cancer to selling the US on nuclear power. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99prlies.wps

The Feasibility of Waste Management Policies in the European Community
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This 47 page paper considers the issue of waste management in Europe in the midst of the call for reforms and the emerging focus on environmental concerns. This research study considers the issue of the feasibility of waste management policies within the European community, and evaluates the effectiveness of one proposed policy for those countries participating in the European Union. Bibliography lists 36 sources.
Filename: Wasteman.wps

Toxic Waste / International Export vs Domestic Disposal or Treatment
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An 8 page overview of the problems of domestic waste treatment and disposal. Outlines the practice of international disposal in third world countries and provides examples of appropriated treatment and domestic disposal alternatives. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Toxdisp.wps

Modern Society's Contempt for the Natural World
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This 5 page report discusses the ways in which contemporary society has evolved to have an attitude of contempt regarding the natural world. The writer argues that such an attitude is the basis for adverse conditions now faced by humanity. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Conature.wps

Hoover Dam: An Engineering Project That Modernized Western America
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This 10-page-paper describes the construction of Hoover Dam and the many contributions it made to the growth of the western part of the United States. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: CWHoover.wps

Hydroelectric Dams: Their Intended Function and Resulting Environmental Effects
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An 8 page discussion of dams, their function and their environmental impacts. Provides an extensive background on the Hoover Dam and provides statistics for dams around the nation. Identifies impacts such as habitat changes and changes in hydrology. Discusses groundwater impacts, wetland impacts, and the impacts of overdevelopment which is indirectly associated with dam construction. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPhydroE.wps

The Hoover Dam
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This 10 page paper provides an overview of the Hoover Dam, including its history, construction and present state. Also included is information on water power in general as well as environmental issues. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Hdam.rtf

The Topography of the Colorado River, Hoover Dam and Regions of the Grand Canyon
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This 5 page paper assesses the topography of the Colorado River, Hoover Dam and the regions surrounding the Grand Canyon. This paper assesse factors that defined the structural perspectives on the cnayone and hte overall topographical features.
Filename: MHtopogr.wps

Anheuser-Busch
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This 6 page report discusses the brewing company, Anheuser-Busch and its traditional management structure and controls. The St. Louis, Missouri, brewery leads the industry in the United States with a market share of approximately 45 per cent. Very few beer companies, domestic or foreign, have been doing as well. Anheuser-Busch is also involved in agriculture, entertainment (amusement parks and professional sports), creative services, packaging, and recycling. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Bwa-busc.rtf

Article Review / Trash Talking - Too Little Too Soon
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A 5 page essay reviewing an article on 'The Ethics of Trash' and the dilemma faced when a municipality builds a trash incinerator only to discover that the community has lessened the amount of trash to be burned through its recycling efforts. Should the community 'import' more trash to keep the incinerator viable? What other options, possibilities, or mindsets are available to the community?
Filename: Trash.doc

ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN
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16 pages in length. The writer has been hired as a consultant to a pro-environmental group called Environmental Action and Restoration of The Habitat (EARTH), a group that is working with neighborhoods and communities to help them design and establish successful local programs to help save the environment. They want help designing a program for Abbottsville, a residential community of approx. 25,000 people located about 15 miles outside a city with a population of about 1 million. This community has identified three needs one of which is to improve recycling. Although the members of EARTH have a general background in the sciences, they rely on consultants to help them integrate information from the natural and behavioral sciences when designing programs. The writer analyzes the components this community needs and proposes a program that is likely to be successful. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: TLCenpln.wps

Glass: Manufacture, Recycling and use in Architecture
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A 5 page overview of glass, its manufacture and use in environmentally friendly architecture. Emphasizes the importance of recycling and stresses that the installation and design of projects which incorporate glass is critical to human health and safety. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPglass.wps

Plastics & The Resin Identification / Chemical Processes for Recycling
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5 pages in length. A look at how different categories of plastic -- separated by the Resin Identification Code -- are distinguished and recycled by the Heinz Company. Goodyear, DuPont, and other companies are mentioned as well. The scientific processes for melting down and re-using different plastics are discussed in considerable detail (i.e.., depolymerization systems). Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Plastic3.wps

Plastics & The Resin Identification Code / The Case of Ford Motors
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A 5 page paper on the Resin Identification Code-- the system responsible for putting symbols on plastic items which are then used as a guideline by which to judge specific types of plastic used for recycling. A specific case example at the Ford Motor Company is given to illustrate how large corporate entities are pitching in and recycling their plastic. The Resin Identification Code simplifies this process for them. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Plastic2.wps

Recycling / Cost Analysis
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A 10 page sentence outline on the subject of recycling with special consideration of cost analysis and environmental impacts. 50 sources cited.
Filename: Recycle.wps

Recycling Advantages
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A 5 page paper which examines the strides made in recycling as well as areas still deficient. Recent developments in the industry including, the 'pay as you throw' system of municipal garbage disposal, 'producer responsibility,' and 'green design,' will be discussed. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: BBrecy.doc.

Recycling Is Easy, Rewarding and the 'Right Thing to Do'
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This 5 page paper presents an argument in the favor of recycling - its benefits, rewards, and ultimate outcomes. Bibliography included.
Filename: Easyrewd.wps

Recycling Of Natural Resources
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A 5 page overview of recycling. Emphasizes that while some natural resources can be recycled others are not recyclable and sometimes limited in amount. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Recnat.wps

Recycling: It's Not A Whim; It's a Necessity
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This 5 page paper considers the issue of recycling. Recycling is in its infancy but after 30 years 60 percent of Americans recognize the chasing arrow symbol of recycling. A new generation is here and we must make sure the effort continues. Americans produce 1,600 pounds of trash annually. Without a solid plan in place to continue our past efforts it will be easy to slip into apathy. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: cwrecy.doc

The Environmental Hazards of Newspaper Deinking Techniques
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An 8-page paper that examines the industrial process of deinking that has conventionally been used to recycle old newspapers in order to reuse their fiber content. Discussed are the environmental hazards created by the interaction of chemicals during the deinking process and the harmful effect these chemicals can have on both animals and humans. Included are measures that have been taken during the last decade to mitigate these hazards by producing cleaner and safer deinking methods. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: LCDeink.doc

The Importance of Aesthetics in a Sustainable Society
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This 7 page paper provides support for a thesis encompassing aesthetics and cleanliness and its role in terms of recycling and handling of waste. The paper examines both city and rural life in terms of building a sustainable environment. There is a focus on 'building green' and designing products which are recyclable. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA023Gre.wps

Thermal Formed Fiber
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A 5 page paper discussing the benefits of some of the applications of this form of molded pulp. Stabilizing and molded packing materials of thermal formed pulp are not pristine white Styrofoam pieces, but rather similar structures in brown or nondescript gray, consisting of a material that resembles the beginning material of molded fiber egg cartons. Unlike its Styrofoam precursor, this material is fully recyclable into other useful products and can have advantages of its own, such as avoiding static electricity concerns in conjunction with electronic products or components. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSmolded.wpd

Rain Forest: Economic and Ecological Value
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A 5 page discussion of the importance of the world’s rainforests. Outlines both the ecological and economic benefits of these areas including their tremendous biological diversity and their potential in providing species which can be instrumental in the curing of human disease. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPrainFr.wps

Rainforest Depletion -- A Man-Made Problem
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A 6 page paper on the issue of the depletion of the rainforest in Malaysia, Africa, and South America. The writer provides background on the ecological implications of rainforest destruction, and focuses on the economic reasons the forests have come to be depleted in the first place. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Forest.wps

Rainforest Destruction
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A 5 page paper discussing current thinking on the plight of the subsistence farmer responsible for the greatest portion of destruction of the world's rainforests. Though outside groups often sought commercial development of the world's rainforests while well-meaning groups held meaningless protests, environmentalists in recent years have developed pragmatic views of the growing problem. It has not been the 'evil corporation' seeking its own profits regardless of the costs involved, but rather a combination of poor fiscal policies, ineffective social programs and too-rapid population growth that have taken the greatest toll. True reduction of the devastation lies in social approaches in the nations in which the rainforests are located. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KSrainfor.doc

The Brazilian Rainforest
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A 6 page overview of the environmental importance of the Brazilian Rainforest and its status as a world 'hot spot' for environmental destruction. Identifies logging and agricultural activities as the primary impacts to the rainforests and outlines recent efforts to curb these impacts. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Brazrain.wps

The Importance of Protecting Rainforests
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A 6 page paper outlining the necessity for protection of the rain forests. The writer presents the argument that rainforests are diverse biomes containing millions of species of plant and animal life and need to be protected. These habitats are quickly diminishing and the affects of their loss are long term and some are irreparable. Plans must be made to promote management of these habitats, and these plans must incorporate the needs of the communities surrounding them. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Rainfore.wps

Thematic Unit: Rainforest
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A 9 page paper. The writer provides: Unit focus; unit objectives; extensive materials and resources list; and three integrated/multidisciplinary lessons with activities and discussion topics. One extra activity is provided as is ideas for evaluation of learning. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PGthrn.wps

The Environment and Japan:the Ashio Copper Mine
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8 pages in length. This paper considers the impact of Tanako Shozo, Japan's first environmentalist, and the Ashio Copper Mine, with explanations about the current state of pollution control. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: JGAshozo.wps

Controversy Over The Use Of Pesticides
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A 7 page research paper discussing the controversial issue of using pesticides including : what are pesticides, why they are used, and the effects of not using some sort of pest control on food production and the food industry. Bibliography is included.
Filename: Pesticid.wps

Housing Developments & Their Impact on Wetlands
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A 6 page overview of the various impacts that housing developments can have on wetlands and associated groundwaters. Discusses nutrient contributions, pesticide contributions and ground water overdraft. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Wethouse.wps

Pesticides / An Analysis Of Two Articles
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A 5 page paper analyzing two articles that deal with the question of whether or not we, as a planet, should use pesticides to meet the issue of world hunger. The two articles analyzed are 'Uncontrolled Pests or Adequate Food' by William R. Furtick and 'Will the Circle Be Unbroken' by David Weir and Constance Matthiessen. The main argument is that pesticides are not the only solution, and may not even be a real solution at all, to the complicated problem of world hunger. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Pestic2.wps

The Ineffectively of Existing Federal Pesticide Regulations
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A 3 page discussion of the ineffectively of pesticide regulations, particularly the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FFDCA). Discusses the importance of consistent world-wide regulation because of impacts to migratory species, effective monitoring, and the implementation of efforts to change public mindset about pesticides usage. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Ffdca.wps

The Need For Regulatory Reform For Agriculture In The South
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8 pages in length. As the world looks ahead to ensure the availability of its global food supply, talk of implementing regulatory reform in the South has become more and more pertinent. While a number of regulatory reform acts have been utilized in the past, there still appears to remain a need for even better improvements and stricter control. In order to address the issues of cost, profits and all that falls in between, the southern agricultural industry must become amenable to such policy changes that would ultimately influence how farmers incorporate pesticides, manure storage and disposal, price support programs, marketing orders, land use and subsidized water prices. The writer discusses the need for regulatory reform in relation to the South's agricultural industry. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCagri.wps

The Use Of Pesticides
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A 9 page examination of pesticides and their use in agricultural, land management, and disease control. The writer emphasizes types of information which are needed for the determination of whether a proposed pesticide application regime is sound or whether existing application programs are exhibiting adverse human health or environmental impacts. Bibliography lists six sources.
Filename: Pest.wps

Turf Management & The Use of Pesticides on Golf Courses
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A 20 page research paper on hazardous chemicals and pesticides used on golf courses. Bibliography lists at least 15 references.
Filename: Golfcour.wps

Environmental Issues & The Problem Of A World Food Shortage
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A 5 page paper on environmental issues leading to a world food shortage. High-yield crop varieties, the use of pesticides & fertilizers, and the plight of rain forests, wetlands, and montane ecosystems, are among the many problems described. The role of overpopulation is factored into the discussion. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Worldfoo.wps

Overpopulation
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A 5 page paper which examines the ethical issues of overpopulation. Issues addressed include the United States aid to foreign countries, benefits of any intervention, poverty ridden countries and their need to have more children, the population controls put on China, and the general conditions of overpopulation. In summary, with all the facts displayed, it appears as though nothing can truly be done to stop the population growth of the planet, and in light of such, the United States should not become actively involved in other countries’ problems. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RApopup.wps

Consequences of Overpopulation
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In the late 1960's and early 1970's the cry was for Zero Population Growth. The problem has not gone away. The consensus report of 1994 reported that the population of the earth grows by a quarter million every day. The Earth's population fast approaches six billion people and may well be over 12 billion by 2050. This 5 page paper examines the consequences of population unchecked. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Overcons.wps

Controlling Overpopulation / Problems & Solutions
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A 7 page research paper on issues concerning the threat of overpopulation. The writer discusses some of the health & nutrition problems posed by there being too many people in the world etc; Also examined are the ethical & moral concerns of certain measures such as mandated abortions vs. women's rights... Both sides of the 'population control' argument are assessed .. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Overpop.wps

Overpopulation On The Nile Delta
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A 5 page essay comparing two articles on the Nile Delta, one from the National Geographic and one from The Economist. Each article focuses on the overpopulation and water shortage in the region, one from a humanistic viewpoint, the other from a data-orientation. The two sources are cited.
Filename: Niled.wps

Gas Pipeline
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A 7 page research paper on how laws, political and legal actions, and resources all come together in the gas and pipeline industries. The writer provides information on Montana, North Dakota and briefly outlines the legal and political ramifications of the Exxon oil spill. A computerized pipeline surveillance and operating system is also reviewed. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Gaspipe.wps

Bioremediation / The Application of Microbial Organisms to Oil Spill Cleanup
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A 6 page overview of the use of microorganisms in oil spill cleanup. Includes a discussion of the evolution of bacteria and the characteristics which make them suitable for bioremediation. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Biorem.wps

Cleaning Up Oil Spills
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12 pages in length. The world's oceans and shorelines have been ravaged by the significant damage caused by crude oil spills. Tankers that have fallen victim to the wrath of Mother Nature or human error have strewn tons of slick and mucky cargo across waterways, land strips and animal habitats. While prevention is the key to avoiding such disasters, there still remain unforeseen factors that continue to establish oil transport as a dangerous endeavor. When oil spills occur, clean up efforts must begin immediately in order to reduce the any further damaging influences. The writer discusses the many aspects of an oil spill clean up effort. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Oilclean.wps

Global Interrelations Of Environmental Issues
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8 pages in length. The issue at hand is the environmental disaster of global oil spills. There is nary a waterway in the world that has not been poisoned by the black muck of crude oil as it gushes from broken lines and damaged tankers. To be sure, every precaution is taken to avert such catastrophes but because of the human element involved, there are always inherent dangers with transporting oil. The writer compares the political impact of Scotland and the United States as it relates to environmental issues. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Envglob.wps

Rhode Island and the Oil Spill of 1996
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This 8 page report discusses a 1996 oil spill off the coast of Rhode Island. An oil barge, the “North Cape,” ran aground in sand 150 yards off Moonstone Beach near Kingston, Rhode Island. The barge was loaded to its full capacity of four million gallons. The resulting spill of 828,000 gallons of Number 2 heating oil wreaked a catastrophic toll of marine wildlife and forced closure of the area's fishing for five months. Issues discussed include the environmental and economic impacts, as well as the possible preventive measures that could and should lessen the likelihood of it happening again. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWrispil.rtf

The World's Human Population Has Reached Capacity – Now What?
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12 pages in length. With the current global population at 6,079,229,255 and growing every second, people are overpopulating themselves right out of the planet. According to the Germany World Population Fund, a full one-third of all births is the result of incidental or unwanted pregnancies. With a staggering one billion teenagers right at the brink of their reproductive years, this particular period in time has come to be known as the largest 'youthquake' ever as global officials attempt to quell the perpetual – and highly damaging – population growth. The writer discusses the various impacts of human overpopulation, as well as addresses potential solutions. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCworld.wps

A Strategic Critique of Exxon Research
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This 9 page report discusses the strategies applied by Exxon Oil company’s research and engineering division. The way in which complex systems evolve -- in nature, in politics, in the human body, in corporations -- has become, to a great degree, a science unto itself. Such study allows scientists and researchers in numerous disciplines to formulate theories about how complex systems evolve. It doesn't matter whether the system is a flock of birds, a microchip or the stock market, so long as it constantly adapts to changes in its environment. Applying such thinking to an entity such as an oil company’s research group illustrates the ways in which new thinking is required for the new millennium. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: BWoilrch.wps

Geothermal Power
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A 10 page overview of geothermal power. Contrasts the efficiency and environmental compatibility of this power source with other sources particularly with that of oil. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Geopower.wps

Intellectual Asset Management and the Oil Industry
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A 7 page discussion of the importance of intellectual assets. Suggests a management approach to these assets and emphasizes that company profitability and success hinges on this management. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPintell.wps

Oil / A Nonrenewable Resource
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A 10 page overview of oil, our overdependence on it, and the environmental impacts which occur as a result of its utilization. Emphasizes that the answer to dwindling oil reserves and the adverse environmental impacts which are attributed to its utilization is alternative lifestyles and energy sources. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Oilcons.wps

Oil Pollution Act 1990
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This 12 page research paper investigates the OPA 90 and its effects. Discussion includes major points in the Act and its effects on shipbuilding, on the owners and operators of tankers, storage facilities and the number of oil spills that occurred following the Act's passage. Statistics are reported regarding average number and volume of spills for the thirteen years preceding the Act and the two years following the Act. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Oilact.wps

Oil Production/Exploration
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In 5 pages the author discusses oil production/exploration. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Pcoil.doc

Petroleum Products are More Expensive in Europe than the US
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In 5 pages, the author discusses why petroleum products such as gas and oil are more expensive in Europe than in the United States. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PCeurpet.doc

Sacony-Vacuum Oil Company and Antitrust Law
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This 10 page report discusses the anti-trust case involving Sacony-Vacuum Oil and its anti-trust case revolving around price-fixing and gasoline sales in the 1930s. The case went to the United States’ Supreme Court where it was determined that the defendant companies had sold the vast majority of all gasoline sold in the Midwest during 1935. The judgment of the Circuit Court of Appeals was reversed and thatof the District Court affirmed by the Supreme Court. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWsocony

Shell Oil Company
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A 9 page paper discussing this old giant's current focus on the future. Shell oil is a company that is very nearly 200 years old and already has seen industry-changing and industry-creating changes in technology and petroleum use in its long history. At the beginning of the 21st century, it faces yet another change, one that many other similar companies appear to be avoiding: petroleum requires eons to create, yet only minutes to consume. It is critical that we develop alternative energy sources, and Shell is leading all other oil companies in research and development of viable and sustainable alternatives. The industry is changing and Shell is leading the way, but it needs to use some of its nearly 3700 percent increase in profits in 1999 to tell the consumer of its progress. Bibliography lists 13 sources in 16 footnotes.
Filename: KSshellOil.wps

Shell Oil Company - Today's Outlook, Tomorrow's Prognosis
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A 7 page case analysis of Shell Oil Company. This paper outlines the corporate structure of the company, takes a look at its strengths and weaknesses, and lists the major competitors of Shell Oil Company. Described is an innovative social services type of reorganization that Shell has instigated to improve its employee relations as well as its customer services relations. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: LCShell.doc

Shell’s Justification for its Nigerian Operations
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This 5 page paper looks at the situation in the Niger Delta and the idea that Shell, and other multinationals, is not giving the people what they deserve in terms of oil profits. The paper assumes that a vice president at the Shell company needs to explain their reasons for being in the region. The paper argues that Shell has done nothing wrong and has only helped the area economically.Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SAShel.wps

The Changing Technology in the Oil Industry
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This 12 page paper looks at the oil industry during the twentieth century and the way in which advances in technology have changed caused changes. The paper covers topics such as deep sea drilling, the use of computer and satellites and the speed of change. The bibliography cites 9 sources.
Filename: TEoildev.wps

The Effect of the Price of Oil on Agricultural Commodities: A World View
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A 7 page overview of the impacts of oil prices on commodity prices all over the world. Discusses fluctuation in the prices of coconut, soybean products, palm oil, copra meal, corn, wheat, sugar, coffee and other products. Emphasizes that one countries overreliance on any one product is potentially disastrous. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPCmdOil.wps

The Merger between Total-Fina to Elf-Aquitaine; An Analysis
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This 10 page paper looks at the merger between these two companies. It considers the events and the way in which the merger has occurred. Other factors such as the current position of the oil industry, the effect or employee and consumers and the likely reaction of the competition are also covered. The bibliography cites 7 sources.
Filename: TEtotalf.wps

The Oil Market: 1980's And Today
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7 pages in length. If there is one thing that can be asserted about the oil market, it is that it is in a constant state of fluctuation. Nowhere is this more evident than when one studies the events of the 1980's in comparison to that of the contemporary oil market. There is virtually no way for such a vacillating industry to conform to forecaster predictions, as its inherent nature is to change with great regularity. Inasmuch as industry experts attempt to rein in some modicum of knowledgeable prediction, they have routinely been met with disappointment. The writer discusses how such was the case with the 1980 oil market, noting that the same has continued forward into the 1990's. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCOil80.wps

The War for the Falklands: Altruism or Economic Control?
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In 1982 Argentina invaded a handful of islands in the South Atlantic that supported a population of barely 2,000 humans (and approximately one hundred sheep for each human). Experts and non-experts were proposing theories that ranged from the Argentine foot soldier's view of 'freeing the islands from the yoke of colonialism' to a war for the potential economic value of oil fields rumored to be just offshore. The most likely scenario includes a long history of conflict over sovereignty, an existence of and potential for a long term shortage of oil, the strategic position of the islands as a gateway to the South Atlantic with access to the Suez Canal all coming together with a feeling of urgency caused by the oil situation. This 10 page paper explores the motivations of the Argentines for invading the Falklands in 1982. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: KTfalkld.wps

Cleaning Up Waste at the Fernauld Nuclear Site
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A 9 page paper on the Fernauld Nuclear Site located outside of Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A. The writer goes into great detail about the site's background, budgeting, and mission. The primary focus of the essay, however, is upon environmental waste problems and proposed clean-ups using very specific examples. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Fernauld.wps

Nuclear Waste / A Dream Turns Into A nightmare
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A 5 page research paper which examines the problems of storing high-level nuclear waste. The writer demonstrates how the United States still does not have a viable solution for storing HLNW after 50 years of nuclear technology. The current solutions are discussed, and the writer offers a personal thesis on how to solve this problem. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Solunuke.wps

Nuclear Energy, Environmental Protection, and Competition
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An 8 page overview of the nuclear power industry and how its competitiveness is affected by environmental regulations. Emphasizes that public concern over environmental protection can actually be targeted by an effective public relations campaign and strict adherence to environmental regulations to ensure a continued and growing customer base. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPenergy.wps

Article Review / Dangerous Nuclear Power Plant
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2 page review of a New York times article reporting that a suburban NY State nuclear power plant had repeatedly shown signs of posing a public risk even after having been shut down to refurbish its operating procedures and management.
Filename: Nytartic.wps

Nuclear Destruction -- The Threat of Irreversible and Irreparable Consequences
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A 5 page report examining the biological & ecological consequences of radiation contamination that would result from a nuclear war. 'The end of life as we know it' is documented with scientific findings about radiation's effects on living cells and genetic structure. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Nukedest.wps

Nuclear Energy / A Likely Evil for the Future
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A 3 page review of an article on nuclear energy; its past, and its future. Some of the reasons for our turn to nuclear energy are analyzed as is the fact that we are likely to continue using it more and more in the future. The writer feels that its costs and dangers are high..and so is public opposition. No Bibliography.
Filename: Nukeeng2.wps

Nuclear Power / Technology & Safety
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8 pages in length. A complete discussion of the technology involved in generating nuclear power, the risks imposed, and the safety measures/ precautions that are taken. Measuring safety and the detrimental impact of radiation resulting from nuclear energy use are primary points covered in this paper. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Nukeneg3.wps

Nuclear Power / The Impact of Public Opinion & Policy
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An insightful 5 page look at the development of nuclear power's importance and the key legal issues surrounding its growth during the latter half of the 20th century. Regulatory policies and trends related to cost, environmental concern, etc; are examined as is the influence of public opinion on nuclear power-related policy and how such opinion has changed over the years. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Nukepowe.wps

Nuclear Proliferation & Society
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An 11 page research paper on the effects of nuclear power in today's society. The writer deals with some of the controversy as well as some of the accidents and misshaps of nuclear reactors, as well as discussing some alternatives and possible solutions. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Nucpow.wps

Nuclear Reactor Disaster Causes U.S. Congress to Shut Down U.S. Reactors
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This 6 page report discusses a fictitious scenario in which a nuclear reactor disaster takes place at a French breeder reactor plant. Congress responds by shutting down U.S. light water reactors. This report discusses the reaction of a state legislator whose state (Wisconsin) relies on light water reactors for 20 percent of its energy. The legislator will chair a planning committee to formulate the necessary actions, public information, and response to Washington. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: BWreact.wps

The United States & Nuclear Nonproliferation Delay
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A 5 page paper on nuclear nonproliferation, which advocates the current course of action taken by the U.S. as specified originally in December 1995 by Thomas McNamara, which is to place technological sanctions on countries purchasing black market nuclear and biochemical weapons and extend nonproliferation under the NPT based on the current unrest by new proliferating states. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Nonnuke.wps

The National Environmental Policy Act
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An 11 page paper that provides an outlines of the NEPA and also considers the issues surrounding its implementation. Bibliography lists nine sources.
Filename: Nepa.wps

The Political Climate Surrounding NEPA
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This 7 page paper provides an overview of the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) first introduced in 1969. Speculation as to why it was passed at that time is included as well as an analysis of public policy theory. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA015pol.wps

Native American Land Ethics vs. The European Abuse Of Land
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An 18 page discussion contrasting environmental land ethics of two different cultures. The question of whether such differences are an innate part of the Native American culture is addressed. Numerous sources cited.
Filename: Nativela.wps

A Place for Soil Geomorphic in Archaeological Research
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A 9 page paper discussing the utility of a soil geomorphic perspective in archaeological and paleoenvironmental research, and how records generated by studies employing this approach compare to records of environmental change documented through palynology, paleoentomology or diatom paleoecology. Geoarchaeology is growing in popularity among those willing to look outside the boundaries of standard methods in order to gain the most information available from a site, both in volume and reliability. As with nearly every discipline, there are those who claim the standard methods alone work just fine and that there is no need to add to or detract from them after so many years, but there are others who will flatly state that full analysis of some sites cannot be accomplished with employing aspects of each point of view. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: DirtGeo.wps

Cadmium In The Environment
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A 10 page paper discussing the effects of environmental cadmium. Cadmium is a naturally occurring element, a heavy metal found in conjunction with iron, zinc and copper ores. Once used heavily in electronics manufacturing and believed not to affect the water supply, research has discovered that cadmium does indeed leach through the soil, affecting both ground and surface water. It can be taken up by plants growing in contaminated soil and then ingested by humans. Cadmium is cumulative in its effects, and the dangers of long-term, low-level exposure include cancer, kidney disease and reproductive problems, and may also contribute to other physical conditions. Bibliography lists 32 sources.
Filename: Cadmium.doc

Field Guide to Geology
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A 6 page book report on “The Field Guide to Geology” by David Lambert. Lambert is known for his clear and unique style of cataloging information so that laymen can readily understand the subject. This book is no exception to that rule. It is a very clear and concise introduction to the world of geology, written in easy to understand language. He covers subjects such as the earth’s crust, volcanoes, rocks in general, deformed and altered earth, soil, rivers that shape the land, the oceans, ice and air, and the general combined study of geology. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAgeolo.wps

GPS And Agriculture
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The age of computers has brought with it many innovations. One area that has been greatly impacted by the rise in technological ability has been agriculture. The 'simple life' of the farm has been irrevocably changed by the advent of computer based renovations. 'Precision agriculture' is the term coined to represent the new era in farming techniques. Through the use of the global positioning system, GPS, computer age farmers are able to pinpoint the position of equipment and to analyze the soil content and product potential. This 5 page paper examines the benefit of GPS to the farming community. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTgpsagr.wps

Nature – A Personal Experience
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This 7 page report discusses Galanthus or Amaryllidaceae as one of the first signals of spring in colder climates. They grow best in full sun to light shade and cool, moist soil. But of greater importance in the context of this lesson or “parable” is whether or not and how much of the truth can the “common folk” understand and survive. But when a person focuses only on the larger picture of Earth as a backdrop for humanity, he or she loses the fundamental realization that the Earth is its own reality, separate and apart from the creatures who inhabit it. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWnature.rtf

Reclamation Master Alternatives
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A 6 page environmental engineering paper discussing alternatives to soil reclamation projects in which there were few active steps made in reclaiming contaminated soil, projects in which the preferred method of reclamation were of the 'wait and see' variety. Alternatives suggested include lowering soil pH so that the contaminants are more available for plant uptake, planting the contaminated soil with varieties susceptible to uptake of the primary contaminants, followed by harvest and destruction of the plants so that the contaminants removed by the plants are not reintroduced to the soil. The paper encourages the environmental engineer to use the wealth of research data, such as plant species and specific contaminant compatibility, to speed reclamation projects and reduce their total cost. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Reclamat.wps

Soil Conservation Policy
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Soil Conservation Policy : This 5 page paper focuses on the soil erosion problem and the ineffective government attempts to correct the problem. The Conservation Reserve Program is discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Soil.wps

The World Scientists' Warning To Humanity And Its Relation To Soils
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A 5 page overview of the implications of the 'World Scientists' Warning to Humanity' to soils. Recounts the havoc agriculture and modern and historic subsistence practices have dealt on the world's soils. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Wsoils.wps

The First Thanksgiving & Recycling / Lesson Plans for Grade School Students
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This 4 page paper provides 3 brief lesson plan descriptions (social studies, art and writing process) for the subjects of the First Thanksgiving and Recycling. These lesson plans are for children in grade school, grades 3-4, and include appropriate assignments to be adjusted by instructors relative to grade level designations. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Thankrec.wps

Polystyrene
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A 7 page paper discussing the structure of and uses for this polymer. Objections over landfill usage led McDonalds to abandon their polystyrene packaging in 1990, but it remains the choice for other food service applications of all kinds. Recycling has not been practical in the past, but new methods have been instituted recently that hold promise even for that aspect of polystyrene uses. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSpolysty.wps

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria: Evolution and Occurrence
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An 8 page overview of the trait of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Discusses the mechanisms for passing on this trait and describes one landfill site in detail where such bacteria are known to occur. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PPresBac.wps

Chicago-Area Landfills -- Politics and Controversy
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This 15 page report discusses the landfills in the communities surrounding Chicago. In a metropolitan area and its surrounding communities, especially one with the population base of the Chicago area, issues surrounding waste management and local landfills have become an important political, economic, and social issue, as much (perhaps more than) a environmental issue. Local governments face increasing regulatory costs in owning and operating landfills, as well as ever more difficult challenges in finding politically acceptable locations for new facilities to replace old ones or accommodate new landfill growth. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWlndfil.wps

Landfills Are Here To Stay !
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A 6 page report that discusses the problems of municipal solid wastes (MSW) as a major problem for our cities and towns. Methods of disposing, eliminating, and reducing MSW (garbage!) are described and discussed in terms of costs and effectiveness in resolving the problem. Landfills are discussed in detail from both postive and negative viewpoints. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Landfill.wps

Protecting Water Sources: Past, Present And Future
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11 pages in length. One of the earth's most precious resources is in great peril. Water, the substance required by all living beings as a means of survival, is succumbing more and more to the ravages of pollutants, most -- if not all -- of which are the cause of humanity's environmental carelessness and neglect. Indeed, water sources of decades past were only beginning to show the signs of contamination, still remaining well within the parameters of what is considered to be safe; however, the water sources of late are clearly demonstrating the consequences of overwhelming pollution by killing off a significant amount of the plant and animal life that depends upon it for existence. What is being done to correct this drastic situation is too little too late according to critics, who contend that the world's water source has been left to fight for its health for far too long to be expected to regain its soundness. The writer discusses the detrimental changes that the world's water source has experienced. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCwater.wps

(The) Greenhouse Effect & Ozone Depletion
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6 pages worth of very detailed information on the Greenhouse Effect, depletion of the Ozone layer etc; Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Greenhs2.wps

(The) Greenhouse Effect & Ozone Depletion # 2
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5 pages in length. Similar to Greenhs2.wps- only much more of a generalized overview. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Greenhs3.wps

(The) Greenhouse Effect & Ozone Depletion # 3
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5 pages in length. Similar to Greehs2 & 3.wps- Focuses more on variety of opinions and relevant skepticism. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Greenhs4.wps

(The) Greenhouse Effect & Ozone Depletion # 4
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6 pages worth of overview and discussion covering the Greenhouse Effect/depletion of Ozone, issues etc; Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Greenhse.wps

Greenhouse Effect
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A 5 page paper which examines the concept known as the greenhouse effect -- its definition, causes and possible solutions. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Grenhous.wps

Policy Analysis of the Greenhouse Effect
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15 pages in length. The author discusses the policy analysis of the Greenhouse Effect. The problem of the greenhouse effect is defined. The different proposals are discussed. A recommendation is made to curtail the greenhouse effect. Several sources cited.
Filename: Greenpol.wps

Reducing The Greenhouse Effect
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An 8 page overview of the greenhouse effect, its causes and its solutions. Identifies carbon dioxide as the primary causative factor of the greenhouse effect and stresses that to solve the problem we must reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. Identifies several alternatives. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Grnhsred.wps

Air Pollutants and the Climate
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A 4 page discussion of the effects of air pollutants on the earth’s climate. Concentrates on the contributions of carbon monoxide and chloroflourocarons to the greenhouse effect, which in turn contributes to global warming. Cautions that global warming has the potential to change life on earth as we know it. Bibliography list 4 sources.
Filename: PPairCli.wps

Costs and Benefits of Lowering Carbon Emissions in the United States
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This 8 page report discusses the various issues surrounding the economics of reducing global warming through reducing carbon emissions to the environment. The existence of global warming is not disputed, but the impact of the greenhouse effect and the cost of abatement are the subject of intense debate. It is imperative to view global warming from both the human perspective and the economic costs and benefits of reducing emissions in order to enable policymakers to come up with appropriate actions. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: BWcarbon.rtf

Farmers vs. The Greenhouse Effect
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8 pages on the Costa Rican-based Klinki Forestry Project-- a plan proposed in 1995 which attempted to address the problem of global warming by converting low-carbon pastures into high-carbon farm forests. The project also addressed the importance of promoting tropical reforestation and this well-presented study examines its budget, feasibility, local acceptance, etc;. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Klinki.wps

Global Warming
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A 5 page discussion of the phenomena of global warming. Defines the greenhouse effect and discusses impacts to the global climate. Bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: Globalw.wps

Global Warming and Climatic Effects
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A 5 page outline of the various climatic changes which can occur as a result of global warming. Describes the greenhouse effect and the role of pollutants in global warming. Emphasizes that global warming can seriously impact both the ecology and the economy of the world as we know it. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPglbCl.wps

The Greenhouse Effect / The Contribution Of Friction
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An 11 page overview of the greenhouse effect and its consequence, global warming. Postulates that friction is a cause and controlling factor of these phenomena. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Greenfr.wps

The Greenhouse Effect, Global Warming, & Alternatives
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A 15 page overview of the phenomenon of global warming as caused by the greenhouse effect. Details the causes of the greenhouse effect concentrating primarily on our utilization of fossil fuels. Specifies that alternative fuel sources would be advantageous both environmentally and economically. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: Greenhs.wps

'Chlorofluorocarbons & The Depletion Of Stratospheric Ozone' / Article Review
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A 4 page summary of the contents of this scientific article which discusses the contribution of chlorofluorocarbons to ozone depletion and global warming. No other sources are listed.
Filename: CFC.wps

Automobile Emissions, Global Warming / Overview
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A 10 page research study on the effects and concentrations of automobile exhaust in the United States and what is being and can be done about it. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Cnemissn.wps

Global Warming
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On October 15, 1992, the United States became the fourth country, after Mauritius, the Seychelles, and the Marshall Islands, to ratify the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, committing us to an objective: 'Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.' Another major industrialized country, Great Britain, has recently stated that future foreign policy will include environmental standards and they will create a fund to study the problem of global warming. The problem, rather than being diminished in less industrialized countries, is, in many ways, more intensified by a lack of economic resources and political instability. Changes in energy policies, infrastructure, institutions and attitudes are required before policy and standards can be set that will address the problem of global warming. This 5 page paper addresses the problem of global warming in reference to developed and undeveloped countries. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KTwarmin.wps

Global Warming / Legal & Economic Ramifications
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A 20 page research paper that first gives an overview of the evidence that global warming exists and what is believed to contribute as its cause. Then, the writer addresses specifically whether or not the recent international treaty worked out last year in Japan will actually accomplish anything of significance. The writer demonstrates that although global warming does constitute a legitimate world problem with serious ramifications, this treaty is not the answer. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: Warmglob.wps

Global Warming and Disease
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the different viewpoints concerning the spread of disease due to temperature changes and related matters. Leading experts believe that global warming is not responsible for recent cases of old disease making a comeback, but others are not so sure. Both sides of the argument are presented. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA48GW .wps

Global Warming and Its Affect on Sea Level
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A 5 page overview of the phenomena of global warming. Outlines the causes and effects, particularly the environmental effects of a rising sea level. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPGlobWm.wps

Global Warming: Its Effect Upon Underdeveloped Countries
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5 pages in length. As the world continues to succumb to the effects of global warming, some areas of the planet have been discovered to be significantly more susceptible to the detrimental affects than others. For the most part, underdeveloped nations stand to suffer a much worse outcome than their developed counterparts, inasmuch as the change in climate will directly influence the manner in which their environment reacts. The writer discusses how such countries as India, Malaysia, Vietnam, Pakistan, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and the Philippines appear to be on a collision course with time, as their entire economic and environmental stability will likely crumble as global warming inevitably wreaks its final havoc. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCglobe.wps

Halting Global Warming / Successes & Failures
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A 3 page overview of the phenomena of global warming and efforts to stop it. Discusses the importance of consistent international policies in terms of engine efficiency and the utilization of alternative fuel sources.
Filename: Haltglob.wps

Humidity: Definitions and Explanations
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An 8 page review of humidity. Defines several terms used to describe humidity and its effects on man. Describes the increasing trend in stratospheric moisture levels and the relationship of this increase to global warming. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPhumidi.wps

Mount Pinatubo: Environmental Impacts of the 1991 Volcanic Eruption
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A 5 page outline of the many short-term and long-term environmental impacts which can be attributed to the Mount Pinatubo. Describes the eruption and the ash and sludge which has resulted in the complete destruction of hundreds of square miles of land, flooding, and the long term phenomena of global warming. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPvolPin.wps

Nuclear Energy / The Answer for the Future?
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A 9 page overview of the status of nuclear energy. Outlines the environmental benefits of nuclear energy as opposed to fossil fuels. Details the differences in contribution of the two power sources to global warming. Outlines the possibilities for safe disposal of nuclear waste. Bibliography lists nine sources.
Filename: Nenergy.wps

The Science of Oceanography & The Job of Oceanographers
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A complete 12 page research paper defining oceanography and explaining its various forms and sub-headings. Each type of oceanography is discussed and a look at some of the problems faced by oceanographers is presented. Of particular importance to the discussion is the fact that funding from the National Science Foundation has remained relatively 'flat' for many years. **Case studies regarding ocean drilling, global warming, and various environmental issues are presented to illustrate the importance of increasing funding for oceanographers. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Oceanog1.wps

Volcanoes and Global Warming
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A 5 page outline of the effects of volcanoes on the earth’s climate. Emphasizes that while these effects are natural, their contributions along with the manmade changes to the atmosphere can result in global warming which has the potential to severely affect mankind and the environment alike. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPglbVol

Volcanoes and Global Warming
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A 5 page outline of the effects of volcanoes on the earth’s climate. Emphasizes that while these effects are natural, their contributions along with the manmade changes to the atmosphere can result in global warming which has the potential to severely affect mankind and the environment alike. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPglbVol.wps

An Evaluation of the City of Cape Coral Fire Department
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This 25 page paper provides an overview of an assessment of the City of Cape Coral, Florida, Fire Department. This paper provides a distinct and well-designed look at the successes of the fire department in recent years, including the implementation and application of their Advanced Life Support (ALS) Care systems (including education, protocols for response and their use with the citizenry) and both ALS Transport and ALS Non-Transport services (services that are used when patients will not be transported). This paper considers the variety of successes and benefits that have been gained by the introduction of these systems and how this has influenced the role of the fire department in their capacity to meet the needs of the citizenry. This paper also takes into consideration the cost-containment efforts and the overall view of the department as a whole. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: MHfire.wps

Controlled Burns / Implications Of Fire As A Management Tool To Aspen (Populus Tremuloides) & Associated Rangelands
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A 12 page exploration of the role of fire in ecological management. Particular emphasis is placed on the effects of fire on Aspen trees and their associated rangeland. Bibliography lists twelve sources.
Filename: Firecol.wps

Fire and the Evolution of Plants
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A 10 page overview of the effects of fire on the evolutionary paths of plants. Gives specific adaptations to morphology and reproductive strategies with a specific emphasis on aspen, Populus tremuloides. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: PPplntEv.wps

Fire Ants -- Environmental / Agricultural Destruction In The U.S.
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An 11 page paper discussing fire ants. The writer explains what is being done to combat the dangerous and destructive insects. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: Fireants.wps

Fire Fighters of the Future
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This 8 page paper provides an analysis of an article concerning the future of fire fighting and the future in general. Arguments are made concerning the way things are headed as the world enters a new century. Of major interest is the division between those who believe volunteerism coupled with community life is more advantageous than technological growth. An annotated bibliography is included as a part of the paper. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA34Fire.wps

Fire Industry Management
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A 5 page paper which discusses some of the management issues concerning the fire industry. One of the examples provided illustrates how the management techniques used by the fire industry are used by the private business sector, clearly indicating that management in the fire industry is a very serious and thoroughly examined reality. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: RAfiremng.wps

Firefighter Safety: Hazardous Materials
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5 pages in length. There are a number of on-the-job hazards for firefighters, not the least of which includes the possibility of contamination from hazardous materials. In order to offset the chance, protective uniforms and equipment are employed to effectively shield the firefighter from any toxic fumes. The first priority when encountering any field emergency is to assess the safety of the fire scene and whether or not the source of the fire is from any sort of hazardous materials. The writer discusses how this makes a special set of assessment skills and protocols a requirement for as a means by which to determine firefighter safety. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCfiref.wps

Firefighters And Minorities
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A 7 page research paper that examines the position held by African-Americans in the nation's fire departments. The writer argues that how a minority experiences employment as a firefighter is largely based on their gender, not their race. Research indicates that while male African-Americans may still have to fight for advancement within fire departments, their right to be there is no longer an issue, while the presence of women, black or white, is still very much resented. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Firemino.wps

Firefighting Legalities
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses some of the legal aspects of the fire industry. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: RAfireleg.wps

Hazardous Materials: Bioterrorism
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. There are a number of on-the-job hazards for firefighters, not the least of which includes the possibility of contamination from hazardous materials; this inherent danger has steadily increased with the growing incidence of bioterrorism. What once was comprised of oil tanker spills and other relatively simple operations has been overshadowed by a more devious and extremely fatal situation of bioterrorist activity. In order to offset the chance of contamination – whether that might originate from something as seemingly burning plastic or the life-and-death threat of anthrax, chemical warfare’s most potent weapon -- protective uniforms and equipment are employed to effectively shield the firefighter. The first priority when encountering any field emergency is to assess the safety of the fire scene as well as the chemical source. The writer discusses how this makes a special set of assessment skills and protocol a requirement as a means by which to determine firefighter safety. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLChazmt.wps

Helicopters and Firefighting
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page paper that discusses the use of helicopters in fire fighting efforts, both in urban settings and in wildland areas. The regular use of helicopters has increased the need for new technologies and increased training to meet the requirements of this challenging transition. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Helifire.wps

How Computers Assist Fire Fighting
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page paper which examines how computers can assist fire departments in terms of expediency in tracking fires, responding to calls, fire prevention, fire simulations and providing public education on fire-fighting. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TGcomfir.wps

How Computers Assist Fire Fighting
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page paper which examines how computers can assist fire departments in terms of expediency in tracking fires, responding to calls, fire prevention, fire simulations and providing public education on fire-fighting. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TGcomfir.rtf

Labor Relations in the Fire Service Industry
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paperconsiders the nature of labor relations in the fire service industry. This paper defines some of the industry issues, including the use of volunteers, maintaining safety protocols and the unionization of the industry. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: MHfirein.wps

Master Planning: The Role It Plays In Community Fire Prevention
[ send me this paper ]
6 pages in length. There was a time when small rural communities dominated the landscape, with individual houses dotted all throughout the inside and outskirts of town. Because each dwelling was significantly distanced from all others, it was a somewhat difficult chore to attend to issues of fire, particularly in relation to water supply, water pressure, fire hydrants and emergency equipment accessibility. As master planned communities came into existence, the notion of fire prevention quickly took a turn for the better, inasmuch as these housing developments provided a means by which such issues could be adequately addressed. The writer discusses how master planned communities help in fire prevention. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCmastr.wps

OSHA, Fire Safety and the Two-In/Two-Out Rule
[ send me this paper ]
This 3 page paper considers the issue of OSHA’s Two-In/Two-Out and the implications for the fire services industry. Specifically, this paper assesses the impact of the rule that two fire fighters must be present outside a building and two inside a building, creating what OSHA has deemed a safe approach to managing workplace safety in the fire industry. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHfire1.wps

Pre-Fire Planning
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Inasmuch as fires occur when people are least prepared, there are a number of precautions to take as a means by which to avert such a tragedy from happening. Each town's local fire department works hard to educated the community as to the necessary carefulness to help prevent -- as well as deal -- with fires. Whether the issue revolves around community structure, escape routes, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors or planning and executing routine family fire drills, firefighters are constantly instructing the public on how to prevent fires. The writer discusses various prevention-related issues in relation to fire. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCfire.wps

Pros and Cons of Contracting Police and Fire Services
[ send me this paper ]
In 5 pages, the author discusses the pros and cons of contracting police and fire services. Many police and fire departments are using contractual personnel. The reason for this varies from area to area. This also depends on the economy of the area. Contractual police and fire departments are not perfect situations for every community, and there are pros and cons involved. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PCpccpf.doc

The Fire Industry
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper which discusses 15 separate articles that address various issues concerning the fire industry. Each article is discussed individually and the paper is divided up into three sections, with each section concerning a different aspect of the fire industry. The three sections are Fire Safety, Employment Issues, and Deaths.
Filename: RAfiresaf.wps

The Fire Services Industry: OSHA Safety Protocols and the Economics of Changing Services
[ send me this paper ]
This 15 page paper considers the issue of OSHA’s role in determining protocols for safety, with a concentration on OSHA’s two-in/two-out rule, and then also considers the implications of increasing technology, increasing services and increasing equipment costs on the ability to maintain an economically viable department within the fire services industry. This study will also consider the impact of liability issues in both areas and consider how this influences economic assessments and the long-term viability of fire service departments. Bibliography lists 25 sources.
Filename: MHfire3.wps

The Everglades
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper looking at the controversy over sugar farming in the Everglades and analyzes why it is important to us to preserve our environment and fragile ecosystems. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Evergal.wps

The Long, Slow Death of Florida's Everglades
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper that argues the point that industry and an expanding population have done considerable damage to Florida's Everglades and the ecosystem that it supports. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the Everglades are being crowded by agricultural interests to the north and urban interests to the east, and the diversion of water from the rain forest to support these two interests is disrupting its natural cycle and leaving it short of needed water supplies. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: LCEglade.doc

Water In The Everglades
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper on the economic and environmental issues in Florida as they pertain to the Everglades National Park The paper talks about the problems and discusses what's currently being done about it. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Everglade.doc

Environmental Impact of Surface Sewage Runoff (Includes Information on Tennessee Law Relating to Issue)
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page report discusses the environmental impact of sewage runoff in a variety of landscapes. Over 5.3 million metric tons of sewage sludge are produced in the United States every year. The sewage treatment industry, like others in the waste business, has discovered, not surprisingly, that the cheapest means of disposing of this yearly mountain is to spread it over nearby fields. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWrunoff.rtf

Environmental Regulation Of Pesticides / Two Different Perspectives
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page overview of the effects of examples of environmental regulations which pertain to businesses, particularly of pesticide regulations. Emphasizes that regulations are implemented to protect not only the environment but also human health and welfare. Emphasizes the role businesses have in the formation and change of environmental regulations. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Envreg.wps

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill / Environmental Consciousness
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page research paper that explores Exxon's responsibility, both legal and moral, for the oil spill that occurred in 1989. Discussion includes a brief recount of the incident, legal and ethical issues, and concludes by suggesting that Kant was right -- laws must be made to assure businesses conduct themselves in ethical ways, thus laws to protect the environment must be stricter. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Exvaldez.wps

Environmental Law And Theories Of State
[ send me this paper ]
6 pages in length. Environmentalists believe that while federal environmental laws are essential, there are still other ways to accomplish the many goals that still have to be attained by means of state and local laws. It is true that there has been a great amount achieved in the nearly thirty years since the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) was implemented; indeed, most environmental rules have proven themselves to be cost-effective and good for the economy. But some critics contend that not enough local attention has been given as a means by which to offset the complacency that exists today. They claim there has to be more involvement from all people, not just those in federal governmental programs or involved with large corporations. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCenvst.wps

Environmental Law & Society
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper addresses the issues surrounding environmental law, particularly in relationship to the business community. The problems created by landfills and incenerators are noted as well as the difficulty in reaching environmentally friendly solutions. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Envlaw.wps

Britain’s International Trade Environment
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page overview of Britain’s International Trade Environment and some of the laws and constraints relating to it. Discusses finance of international trade, the European Union, environmental regulation, Competition Law and Copyright among other concepts important to the international trade environment. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPBritBs.wps

Coal Mining Destruction
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page paper discussing surface mining. Surface mining used to be more commonly known as strip mining, and the first law requiring environmental restoration of the land after the completion of a strip mining operation was passed 20 years ago. Though the law was amended in 1997 to be far more stringent in its environmental requirements, it is far too easy to be granted variance on the environmental standards. Drastic surface mining has become commonplace in south central West Virginia, where the surface frequently is the current level of mountain exposed through mountaintop removal. The method is just what its name implies—coal that used to be mined underground is now simply collected from the surface, but only after much of the mountain has been removed and dumped into a valley below the mine. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Coal.doc

Environmental Law
[ send me this paper ]
8 pages in length. The environment has been in trouble for a long time. Decades and decades of misuse, exploitation and degradation have placed a tremendous burden upon the land to the point where humanity is having to scramble to preserve what is left. Re-establishing what has already been destroyed, as well as protecting what still exists, is what environmentalist and government agencies are working feverishly to achieve. With the support of environmental law, significant trends have been established to rectify damage already done and prevent any further from occurring. The writer discusses environmental law as it relates to the Clean Air Act of 1963 and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: EnvLaw2.wps

Environmental and Industrial Conflicts Over the Long Island Pine Barrens / One Example of Environment & the Law
[ send me this paper ]
This 20 page paper reflects upon the legal issues and political, social and economic determinants that impact social change as they relate to the issue of development in the Long Island Pine Barrens. This paper considers the conflicts between environmentalists and developers, including Richard Amper and Wilbur Breslin, and then reflects upon the legal actions taken, the course of legal determinants and the successes of the Pine Barrens Society under the leadership of Amper in protecting some of the central Pine Barrens wilderness in Long Island. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Pinebar.wps

Environmental Laws: Local And State Control Is Better Than Federal
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. The writer discusses the benefits of granting local and state governments more authority over federal environmental laws. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCenvlw.wps

Government, Laws of Nature, and the Evolution of Environmental Attitudes
[ send me this paper ]
A 3 page paper which discusses the evolution of environmental attitudes have been effected by government (the law of man) and the laws of nature. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAlawnatr.wps

International Environmental Law
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper addresses the problems businesses face as environmental laws are implemented. The paper focuses on new European laws which might have an impact on U.S.-European trade. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA12Env.wps

Issues Concerning Fisheries
[ send me this paper ]
4 page discussion of fisheries- environmental issues, law & politics, and regulation relevant to salvaging dying breeds such as salmon. Paper includes thorough statistical data and factual information (as of early 1995). Bibliography lists 4+ sources.
Filename: Fisheris.wps

South Carolina Tort Law Pertaining to the Environment
[ send me this paper ]
In 10 pages, the author discusses South Carolina tort law related to the environment. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PCtrtlw.doc

The Clean Air Act & The Chemical Products Industry
[ send me this paper ]
A 15 page paper. In an effort to be responsible corporate citizens and to remain one step ahead of forced regulation such as that overseen by the Environmental fcy (EPA), the chemical products industry and chemical manufacturers trade associations have adopted 'Responsible Care.' The motto is 'Don't trust us, track us.' EPA is approaching attainment of the requirements of the 1996 additions to the 1990 Clean Air Act with common sense. Combined with the commitment of the chemical products industry, there is real progress underway to total attainment by the target date of 2002, and many of the world's countries are already adopting variations of the programs. Bibliography lists sixteen sources.
Filename: Chemist.wps

Jonathan Harr/A Civil Action
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page analysis of Jonathan Harr's stirring account of a civil action that was taken by parents whose children contracted leukemia due to polluted water. The corporations that polluted the water essentially got off the hook in this case, but were later held accountable by the EPA due to facts that came to light through this suit. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99civact.wps

The EPA and Reagan / Conflict & Disparity
[ send me this paper ]
A 12 page paper that outlines the perspectives of the Reagan Administration regarding the EPA and considers changes that occurred during the Reagan Administration that negatively impacted the process and authority of the EPA. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Epareag.wps

The EPA's Self-Auditing Policy & The Impacts for Grant Teton National Park
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper that provides a comprehensive overview of the issues surrounding the implementation of the EPA's self-auditing policy and its implications, both positive and negative, for Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Epaudit.wps

Winning in the World Market
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper exploring ways that a developing third world nation can coexist with multinational corporations and retain full national sovereignty. The recent failed World Trade Organization (WTO) talks in Seattle brought world attention to the problem that developing nations face in developing their economies while still preserving national sovereignty and protecting their environments. Points discussed in the paper include developing well-defined plans for development, dispersing the multinationals throughout the nation to provide greater opportunity for the people, forming liberal tax policies that encourage business and implementing the environmental standards determined by the US EPA. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KSdevNation.wps

The Abiotic Environment
[ send me this paper ]
A 2 page paper discussing the contribution of the abiotic environment to the support of life. That the abiotic environment is itself without life in no way diminishes its effect on the biotic component of the ecological web. The abiotic component encompasses environmental qualities such as water, temperature, acidity, nutrients available, osmotic pressure, light, soil structure and others. At its base, the entire system is driven by the energy of the sun, whether in terms of heat or light, and water is essential. The paper describes a picture of the activity contained on and within the forest floor. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: KSabiotic.wps

Energy Policy & The Environment
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page essay explores the U.S. energy policy and global environmental concerns. Several issues are addressed. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Enerpolci.wps

Energy Sustainability: The Need for Alternative Energy Utilization
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page overview of the need for transitioning to a sustainable energy source and lifestyle. Emphasizes the environmental and economic costs of our overdependence on fossil fuels. Suggests nuclear energy is the most viable alternative energy source and discusses the obstacles which must be overcome to utilize that source.
Filename: PPenerSu.wps

Future Energy Demands
[ send me this paper ]
6 pages in length. In the not-too-distant future -- with regard to history's timeline -- there will come a point when fossil fuels will have been depleted and humans will be forced to find alternative sources with which to power automobiles, household heating units and myriad other machinery that utilizes fuel. However, waiting until supplies are exhausted before establishing a workable alternative would place a major hardship upon future energy demands. For this reason, various options -- not only those that supply a form of fuel but also those that reduce and often eliminate pollution -- have been in the works for several years. The writer discusses the issue of future energy demands and potential fuel alternatives. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Futener.wps

Environmental Ethics; A Dichotomy
[ send me this paper ]
This 4 page paper looks at the issue of environment ethics and the rights on the individual. Using the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a basis the paper then goes on to consider the views of John Mills and Ronald Dworkin in order to appreciate the dichotomy that is produced by the differing views on environmentalism. The bibliography cites 4 sources
Filename: TEenveth.wps

Industrial Progress: Wonderland or Wasteland?
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Reviews two articles by Thomas Berry and Arne Naess that show that some people will argue that industrial growth can be accomplished without damaging world ecosystems. In fact, the present consumer attitude is amoral because it does not generate the sense of right and wrong that is required in order to act in an environmentally responsible manner. In actuality, industrial growth does not equal human growth. This paper takes the stance that the consumer/industrial attitude is not compatible with environment ethics. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: JGAnaess.wps

The Future of Capitalism and Business Ethics
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper attempts to address the question of whether capitalism will be viable in the future by creating a comparison between capitalism and socialism and applying social theories to the current economic situation in the United States. In addition, this paper also considers the issue of ethics in business and the way in which the capitalism of the modern era has shaped business responses to ethical issues regarding the environment. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHecojus.wps

Pollution In The Everglades
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page outline of pollutant and other adverse environmental impacts to the Everglades. Identifies domestic wastewater, over development and the sugar industry as being the primary impacts to this extremely sensitive environmental area. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Everglap.wps

Constructed Wetlands in Wastewater Treatment: Design and Monitoring Considerations
[ send me this paper ]
A 9 page overview of the use of constructed wetlands in the receipt and treatment of domestic wastewater. Outlines the design considerations which must be considered prior to construction and operational and monitoring considerations which ensure the ongoing success of a project. Includes a sample of specific design and performance information for an operational wastewater to wetlands operation in Manila. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPwetWst.wps

Population Dynamics Of Northern Ecosystems In Relation To Nutrient Application/ A Research Proposal
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page examination factors which influence the ecological structure of northern ecosystems, one of which is nutrients such as those observed with the application of treated domestic wastewater. Outlines a proposal for evaluating the effects of nutrients on ecosystem dynamics. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Popdyn.wps

Sustainability & The Problem of Domestic Wastewater
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page overview of the concept of sustainability in relation to the treatment and disposal of domestic wastewater. Identifies two more sustainable alternatives than conventional chemical treatment and disposal into water bodies: reverse osmosis and manmade wetlands. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: DomWaste.wps

Deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest
[ send me this paper ]
In 5 pages, the author discusses deforestation of the Amazon rain forest. The deforestation of the rain forest of the Amazon region of Brazil has been the topic of much discussion. It is the destruction of an important part of the environment. The deforestation of the Amazon rainforest, however, has also meant jobs and profit for the people of the area. This is quite a conundrum, which has no easy answers. Included is a free one-page Roman Numeral outline. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PCamrain.doc

The Deforestation of Rainforests in the Amazon
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page paper which discusses various issues regarding the deforestation of the rainforests in the Amazon and elsewhere, and argues that despite the fact we rarely hear of the deforestation process anymore, it is still a very serious concern that is often ignored by the media and by political officials. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RArainfor.wps

Plant Pharmacopoeia / Rainforest Depletion & Its Impact On Medicine
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper in which the writer discusses deforestation as a threat to medicinal plants and the protective measures employed by various groups; and a discussion of eleven (recently discovered) plants and/or their medical derivitives, including taxol. The paper postulates that protecting these medicinal plants is imperative through ethics, and even the passage of more laws. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Pharmaco.wps

The Malaysian Rain Forest
[ send me this paper ]
This five-page paper discusses the Malaysian Rainforest and the steps that are being taken to prevent deforestation destroying the areas around the water sheds. Bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: CWrainfrs.wps

Corporations ARE Endangering the Environment
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper discussing the a few of the realities concerning the corporate world and the environment. Although many people may be under the delusion that pollution and the damaging of the environment is under control through rules, regulations, and human conscience many corporations are still involved in acts which damage the environment. A situation on the border of the United States and Mexico is addressed as well as the still present problem of deforestation both here and abroad. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Endcorp.wps

Brazilian Rainforests: Endangered Ecosystems
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page overview of the tremendous ecologic value of the Brazilian ecosystems. Discusses the many threats to the sensitive ecologic balance of this system including deforestation, global warming, and slash and burn agriculture. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPBrRain.wps

Deforestation / Environmental Impact on Third World Countries
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page overview of the environmental effects of deforestation on Third World countries. Discusses clearcutting, impacts to the fragile ecologies and ancillary impacts such as global warming and interruption of the carbon cycle. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Defors.wps

Deforestation
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page overview of the environmental and humanistic impacts of deforestation. Stresses the tremendous biodiversity of forested systems and their existing and potential value to mankind. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Defor.wps

Deforestation # 2
[ send me this paper ]
A short, yet comprehensive 4 page essay on deforestation that explores the problem, its roots, and its potentially devastating impact on our future. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Deforest.wps

Deforestation and its Effects on Medicine & Biopharmaceuticals
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page overview of deforestation and the negative effects which deforestation presents to medicine and the identification of plants and other biological materials which can be used to treat human disease. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PlntMed.wps

Environmental Economics and Deforestation and Paper Production
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper considers the environmental effect of deforestation, specifically in relation to paper production. Issues such as opportunity costs and green audits are considered along with the different costs incurred on the environment and future generation. The issue of sustainable development is also considered. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEpaper.wps

The Cost of Deforestation
[ send me this paper ]
This seven page paper presents an overview of deforestation. Discussions about the potential and actual costs are included. Bibliography lists six sources.
Filename: CWRainfr.wps

Coral Reef Ecology
[ send me this paper ]
A 12 page overview of reef ecology. Emphasizes the complex interrelationships which exists among the organisms which make up the fragile ecosystems. Discusses symbiosis (both commensal and mutualistic), predation and the factors which are adversely affecting these tremendously diverse and valuable reef ecosystems. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPreef.wps

Coral Reef Ecosystems & The Florida Keys
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. A technical look at coral reefs and ecosystems in the Florida Keys. Food chains, biomass, and various other pertinent issues are touched upon. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Coralre2.wps

Coral Reefs & The Florida Keys
[ send me this paper ]
4 pages in length. A brief, but comprehensive discussion of Coral Reefs and the ecological problems they face in the Florida Keys. Human factors are considered and some insight into the future is provided. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Coralree.wps

Coral Reefs As Ecosystems
[ send me this paper ]
10 pages in length. Hundreds of millions of years of oceanic history teeters on the verge of permanent extinction. Because of the detrimental effects of pollution, overfishing, tourism and drastic environmental changes, the world's coral reefs are fighting for their very existence. That coral reefs are an ecosystem all unto themselves, their rapid decline does not only influence their survival, but also that of myriad other species as well. Significant efforts are being made as a means by which to salvage what is left and perhaps repair what has already been damaged. The writer discusses ecosystems as they relate to coral reefs. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCcoral.wps

Coral Reefs: Survival Link To Other Underwater Life Forms
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Inasmuch as coral reefs represent a complex community of organisms and their environment functioning as an ecological unit in nature, it is not surprising to find that the numerous life systems that coral reefs support include a variety of plants and animals, in that the reef protectively harbors them as a means by which to thwart predators, as well as to provide for the reef itself. For some, the reefs are a place of safekeeping; for others, however, the reefs represent an overly abundant meal ticket. The writer discusses the importance of coral reefs upon other underwater life forms. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCcreef.wps

Florida's Coral Reefs: The Role of the Sugar Industry and Wetland Treatment
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page discussion of the importance of Florida's coral reefs and the factors adversely impacting them. Identifies the sugar industry as the primary culprit in this decline and recommends the use of man made wetlands to treat their agricultural effluent. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPcoralF.wps

The Ecology of Coral Reefs
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page paper assesses specific problems related to maintaining the stability of the coral reefs and focuses on the science, rather than the political issues, that define changes in the reef and possible problems with sustaining reef viability. This paper presents solid, substantiated data regarding the symbiotic relationships of the reef, the introduction of problematic bacteria and other microscopic organisms, and the necessity for addressing biotic changes in order to maintain the coral reefs. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: MHcoralr.wps

The Great Barrier Reef / Physical Issues & Human Influence
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page research paper on the Great Barrier Reef located off the northeastern coast of Queensland, Australia. For the most part, the writer discusses the formation of barrier reefs (in general), and the size, scope, and inhabitants of the Great Barrier Reef in particular. Human impacts, tourism, nutrients, algae, pollution, sediments, and various other elements of the reef's environment are discussed as well. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Reefgrea.wps

The Impact Of The Environment On Highway Construction
[ send me this paper ]
This 12 page paper provides an investigation of the different environmental factors that impact the decision making process for highway construction. This paper considers the impacts of environment on the physical, structural, financial, economic and technological factors that are evaluated when considering the construction of a new highway. This paper also presents an example of how an engineer might address these issues when planning a construction design. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Highwayc.wps

Coal Mining & Appalachia -- Creating a New World
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page paper on past history of coal mining/strip-mining and damage done to the land. This piece discusses the entrance of people all over globe, and how that community is rallying to 'live at home' and 'fix the land.' The people and governments and coal mining companies are working together through re-education for new technologies and fixing the land to keep their home. Bibliography lists 12+ sources.
Filename: Appalach.wps

Global Systems and Mining the Seabed in Non-Territorial Waters
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses a proposition through which a multilateral organization will be established to develop international rules relating to mining the earth’s seabeds for manganese. The writer takes the position that the United States can and should take a leadership role in the development of seabed mining to assure that the fragile ecosystems associated with the ocean suffer the least environmental damages and that valuable resources associated with such mining are not inappropriately exploited. No sources.
Filename: BWglosys.wps

Mining In Africa
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page paper. The scenario is that a company is proposing to construct a mining and refinery complex in a remote region of an African country along the Atlantic Coast. The UN and the World Bank have requested data about such a proposal. The indigenous population practices Usufruct Panpsychism, a philosophy that is explained. Economic, political, environmental and ethical issues are discussed by reviewing actual events in the mining industry in Africa. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PGafmine.wps

The Influence of Geography on Regional Economies
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper looks at the way the geography of an area can effect that areas economy, moreover it is argued that it cannot fail to influence the regions economy. An example is used to demonstrate this point, the north of England and the location of coal mines has greatly influenced this region and that influence continues now, despite the fact most coal mines have now been closed and the industry has suffered a sharp decline. The bibliography cites 7 sources.
Filename: TEcoaluk.wps

Wetland Laws/Clean Air Act and the Impact on Transportation Systems and Land Planning
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper provides a concise overview of the most common laws for wetlands protections and clean air legislation to protect the environment. Specifically, though, this paper considers how wetland mitigation banks have been utilized to allow the destruction of the wetlands for urban projects, and evaluates this issue within the scope of urban planning. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: MHWetlan.wps

Assessing the Commercial Value of Expanding into Canada
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper discussing the advisability of a US air pollution control systems manufacturer of expanding into Canada. The lessons of urban sprawl and the effects of air pollution felt by their Southern neighbors has not been lost on Canada, and the country is increasing initiatives to curb existing sources of air pollution and prevent additional ones while being careful not to be overburdensome in their regulations as the economy continues to expand. Included are discussions of the current situation, new pollution-limiting regulations, profitability issues and the level of cooperation between the two governments in issues of trade. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Canair.wps

The Bubonic Plague / Plagues In Incubation
[ send me this paper ]
A 13 page research paper on the bubonic plague which explores the historical and current data on the question “could it happen again”? The author shows that the bubonic plague was aided by other natural disasters and diseases, not unlike the world in which we live today. Based on the opinions and facts presented by experts, the author posits that the bubonic plague and others are incubating, awaiting the right time to end overpopulation. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Cnbubonc.wps

Pollution Control
[ send me this paper ]
A 4 page paper examining the 'best' means for controlling the growth of pollution in any country—whether industrialized or developing. The paper briefly discusses air and water pollution, but concentrates more on the growth of the world's human population. Developing countries with burgeoning population centers have tried varying methods of controlling their population growth with little success, and the paper concludes that the most effective means of control is through education. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Pollute.DOC

Economy Verses the Environment: Canada's Water Pollution Dilemma
[ send me this paper ]
An 11 page paper illustrating the dilemma facing Canada involving the protection of her environment and the provision for economic development. Recognizes that both economy and environment are important. Outlines the impacts to waterbodies which are currently occurring both as a result of direct impacts such as the discharge of domestic and industrial wastes and as a result of indirect impacts such as acid rain which results from air pollution. Emphasizes that although current regulations are simply not sufficient, their are economically viable alternatives to environmental protection. Two of these alternatives are the use of reverse osmosis and the creation of man-made wetlands to be used in the receipt and treatment of domestic and industrial wastes. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPcanWat.wps

Natural Ecosystems: East Brunswick, NJ
[ send me this paper ]
This 8 page paper examines the natural ecosystems of East Brunswick, NJ. Ecological content areas considered include: water and water quality, land and mineral use, air quality, pollution and monitoring practices in all areas. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBnateco.doc.

Oil Refineries as Pollutants
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This 5 page paper considers the history of oil refineries as pollutants, as well as legislation to correct the situation. It also details a possible alternative solution to the dilemma. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BBoilr.doc.

Air Pollution / Facts, Figures And Politics
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An 11 page overview of the Clean Air Act and other local policies and legislation and their application. Concludes that these efforts have been positive and cost effective. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: AirPoll3.wps

Air Pollution
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A 5 page paper which discusses air pollution in relationship to types, causes, and preventive measures. Air pollution is a serious concern that involves us all. The entire planet is effected in one way or another, by the actions of others. And, while there are things being done to lessen the amount of air pollution, the truth is that even scientists have no idea how to correct the problems we face. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAairpoll.wps

Air Pollution
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper presenting a general overview of air pollution. Causes and effects are discussed both in laymen's terms and with some chemical references. Bibliography contains 4 sources.
Filename: Airpollu.wps

Air Pollution # 2
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A 6 page paper on this environmental problem. Causes of pollution in the atmoshere as well as possible solutions are explored. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Pollut.wps

Canadian Air Pollution
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A 9 page research paper that examines the current status of Canadian air quality. The writer argues that Canadians aren't nearly as 'green' as their reputation would imply. For example, Ontario has been designated as having the third worst air in North America for several years running. Examining some of the policies of the Canadian government, the writer finds that they are no longer environmentally friendly. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: 99badair.wps

Carbon Monoxide
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5 pages in length. An overview of carbon monoxide, the colorless, odorless environmental contaminant. Discusses sources of contamination, physiological effects of exposure and preventative methods. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Carbmono.wps

Chronic Respiratory Problems: The Link with Air Pollution and Considerations in Medical Care
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An 8 page examination of chronic respiratory conditions, their link with air pollution and considerations regarding treatment regime. Concludes that chronic respiratory problems are often associated with involuntary exposure to air pollution and that treatment techniques and educational intervention can be effectively modified to allow patients who may have become homebound because of treatment techniques and their perception of these techniques to reenter their societal roles. Advising patients how to avoid times of higher pollution levels and modifying even such simple considerations as the way in which oxygen is administered can have a profoundly positive impact on patient welfare. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPrespir.wps

Evaluating Suggestions For Reducing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
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A 5 page paper discussing proposals for blanket limits on personal electricity use, regulating chemical treatment of industrial emissions and addressing the suggestion that all carbon dioxide emitting devices be banned. All are negated; the paper offers alternatives. There are ways for us to coexist with our environment without either harming it or limiting personal freedom, but possible, workable solutions too often are eclipsed by sensational and unsubstantiated claims of the extremist view. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Carbdiox.wps

The Health Effects of Air Pollution
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An 8 page review of the health impacts of air pollution. Discusses the major pollutants such as carbon monoxide, particulates, and ozone and describes their physiological effects on the human body. Provides an outline of the effects of air pollution on respiration, the incidence of cancer and neonatal and infant mortality. Includes a 1 page Roman numeral outline. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPairHlt.wps

Traffic and Air Pollution
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A 5 page paper which discusses some recent events and recent involvement in relationship to traffic and air pollution. Issues include concerns in national forests, as well as programs in the process of implementation in relationship to lessening the amount of automobile traffic and pollution. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAairtraff.wps

Acid Rain: Biological and Geological Considerations
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A 7 page discussion of the causes and possible solutions for acid rain. Describes the constituents of acid rain including sulfuric acid, chlorofluorocarbons, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and nitric acid. Discusses the successes and failures of the Clean Air Act and emphasizes the need for continued and more stringent regulation. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPacidRn.wps

Acid Rain
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This 6 page paper addresses the problem of acid rain. The environmental effects are discussed as well as the amount of attention society pays to the dilemma. The paper takes the position that acid rain is detrimental to the future environment and should be a concern to all. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Acidrs.wps

Acid Rain / Causes & Effects
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A 4 page research paper investigating different aspects of the global problem of acid rain. Includes the definition of acid rain, the fact that it reaches the earth in both wet and dry forms, the devastating effects across the world, the degree of the problem is specific geographic regions and what is being done about it. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Acidrain.wps

Acid Rain: Effects on the Environment and Man
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A 5 page overview of the phenomenon of acid rain. Describes the phenomenon from a chemical standpoint emphasizing the role of sulfuric acid, chlorofluorocarbons, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitric acid. Relates the impacts which acid rain can have on the environment and on man. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPacdRn2.wps

Effects Of Acid Rain On Mid-Atlantic Trout Fishing
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A 7 page paper on trout fishing in the mid-Atlantic region. For years, the practice has played a vital role in the area's economy but man's own abuses have severely damaged the environment and killed off a significant amount of fish. The writer examines this problem, its occurrence, and how it occurs. The production of acid rain and how it disrupts the food web is of primary importance to this discussion. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Troutfis.wps

Human Habitation and Acid Rain
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This 12 page report discusses the correlation between human habitation and the development of acid rain. Acid rain is defined as any form of wet precipitation that has a pH less than 5.6 (on a scale of 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral). The 'rain' becomes acidic when water molecules react with gases in the air. The acidic compounds that are the result of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, fall to the earth in either wet form (such as rain, snow, and fog or dry form (such as gas and particles). Winds blow such particles and gases onto all types of human and natural structures. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWacid.wps

Human Habitation and Acid Rain
[ send me this paper ]
This 12 page report discusses the correlation between human habitation and the development of acid rain. Acid rain is defined as any form of wet precipitation that has a pH less than 5.6 (on a scale of 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral). The 'rain' becomes acidic when water molecules react with gases in the air. The acidic compounds that are the result of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, fall to the earth in either wet form (such as rain, snow, and fog or dry form (such as gas and particles). Winds blow such particles and gases onto all types of human and natural structures. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWacid.rtf

“Issue Futures” Report: Envisioning the Impacts of Acid Rain
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This 16 page paper considers the issue of acid rain from a business and managerial perspective and also within a global context. This report outlines the basic issues at hand and the projections for the future of the issue of acid rain. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHacidra.wps

The Contemporary Relevance of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring
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A six-page paper which briefly summarises the background to and main issues raised in Silent Spring. The writer considers the relevance of Carson’s work to ecological issues today, and considers how her theories can be applied to such areas as global warming, genetic engineering and BSE.
Filename: JLcars.wps

"Silk Roads or Steppe Roads? The Silk Roads in World History": A Review of the Article by David Christian
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page discussion presenting the contention that silk roads must be thought of in broader terms for world history, not only as a "trans-civilizational route, but also as a trans-ecological route. Christian presents a series of observations supporting that contention. Many factors combined, in fact, to speed the ecological impacts which would occur as a result of the silk road commerce. These factors would include the direct impact of the roads themselves on the environment as well as indirect impacts such as the agricultural, hunting, mining, and other pursuits which the roads encouraged. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPslkRd.wps

A Civil Action by Jonathan Harr
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A 12 page essay on Harr's account of a law suit brought by five families against the chemical companies which poisoned their city's water supply. Due to these carcinogens, each family suffered the loss of a child. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Civilin.wps

A Reduced Federal Role in Environmental Regulation?: The Formula for Environmental Disaster
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A 5 page discussion of the recommendations of the Presidential Council on Sustainable Development in a report entitled "Sustainable America: A New Consensus for Prosperity, Opportunity, and a Healthy Environment for the Future" as reported in an editorial in "Environment". Comments on the editorials presentation of facts and style. Follows up with a letter to the editor expressing appreciation for the alert and voicing opposition to the recommendation by the council that the federal role in environmental regulation be reduced and replaced by greater involvement of developers and businesses. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPenvLet.wps

Acid Rain
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This 7 page paper presents an example of a proposal for a study of the effects of acid rain on the salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River, Washington. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: KTacdran.wps

Acid Rain and Commercial Fishing
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A 5 page paper comparing an article on the effects of acid rain with one on the environmental costs of commercial fishing. Neither of these articles is written from the "tree hugger" perspective, but rather from a realization that active pollution abatement is not always enough. The articles discuss long-term changes in soil fertility that are now threatening New England deciduous forests and the failure of fish populations to recover despite being given "rest" times. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KSacidRain.wps

Addressing Research Problems in Transportation
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A 10 page paper discussing the complexities of approaching a design for assessing the true environment effect of transporting both people and products by auto or truck. The paper briefly discusses acid rain and CO2 emissions, along with efforts to produce cleaner engines and cleaner fuels, with efforts extending even to achieving driverless vehicles that have more uniform fuel usage. Assessing full environmental cost includes beginning with placement of the roadway, manufacture and use of the machinery used in construction, and other types of items. The paper concludes that a linear programming approach can be beneficial for controlling for or stripping out complicating variables. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KStranspProg.wps

Agricultural Biotechnology and the Middle East
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This 18 page report discusses agricultural biotechnology with a special focus on the nations of the Middle East. Biotechnology is the name given to a variety of agricultural, automated and industrial technologies that make use of the natural operations or products of biological, thus living, things. Agricultural biotechnology offers the potential to address many problems that have had a direct and limiting impact on crop and livestock production while improving the availability of food for people throughout the world. This report also addresses the issues associated with a lack of policy associated with agricultural biotechnology and the fact that such a lack can stand in the way of larger goals of improved production and opportunity in developing nations of the world. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWagbio.wps

Air Pollution
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This 5 page tutorial focuses on the topic of air pollution. Specific instructions provided by a student are followed to wage a persuasive argument. Statistics are utilized and charts are included. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: SA049Air.wrd

Air Pollution in China: Problems and Solutions
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of air pollution in China, and its devastating effects. Whether or not the nation is doing enough to resolve the problem, and protect future generations, is discussed. Effects on humans, and fetal health in particular, are examined. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA134air.rtf

Al Gore: The Right Place at the Right Time
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This 20 page paper explores Al Gore, Jr. and his political life. When Gore was nominated for the vice presidency in 1992, his father unabashedly told The New York Times that "we raised him for it." If this were not an election year, and we were to look at the life of Al Gore, Jr. We would say that his is truly an American success story. For the American body politic, he has been at the right place, at the right time. Gore has had a political lifetime "making it happen." Bibliography lists 13sources.
Filename: BBgore.doc.

Al Gore’s Views on Preserving Earth’s Environment
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This 5 page report discusses Vice President and presidential candidate Al Gore’s views on the issues associated withthe environment. It is one issue has made it abundantly clear that Al Gore has a front-runner position over George W. Bush. From his years in Congress, his authorship of a truly significant book detailing environmental concerns facing America and the world (the 1992 epic, Earth in the Balance), to his actions as Vice President, Gore has demonstrated his commitment to the preservation and protection of the planet’s fragile environmental systems. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWagore.wps

Aldo Leopold/ "A Sand Country Almanac"
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A 5 page review and analysis of Aldo Leopold's classic book of American nature writing , which has been compared in stature to Theoreau's "Walden." The writer concentrates on the three part structure of the book, and how this aids the author in accomplishing his purpose. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99sandco.wps

Alewife Management And Ecology
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10 pages in length. The water sources of late are clearly demonstrating the consequences of overwhelming pollution and encroachment by killing off a significant percentage of alewife, which, in turn, serves to threaten those species that depend upon the fish species as a primary food source. What is being done to correct this drastic situation is too little too late according to critics, who contend that the alewife population, once so plentiful that the only implement necessary to catch them was a spoon, struggles for survival against pollution and man's encroachment upon fast disappearing spawning grounds. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCalewf.wps

Alternative Fuel Cars: Alcohol vs. Electric
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A 10 page paper discussing the design, durability and safety of alcohol-powered and electric cars, particularly GM's EV1. As for which is "best," it appears that alcohol-powered vehicles provide a good alternative to gasoline-powered cars for the short term, buying time for further development of the various electric versions that are becoming more common and more affordable. In the long term, however, it is the electric approach that needs to be regarded as "best." Current models are highly limited in their range, but the further development and refinement of the use of fuel cells will give future purchasers greater freedom of movement outside the city limits. Bibliography lists 15 sources in 23 footnotes.
Filename: KSaltFuelCar.wps

Alternatives To Gas # 2
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5 pages in length. With fossil fuels rapidly depleting, the world has had to devise alternative methods by which to fuel various gas-powered machinery. Few options appear to be as workable as electricity and hydrogen fuel cells, yet there exist significant shortcomings to even the best alternative. The writer talks about these two sources of alternative fuel, including both their advantages and disadvantages. Bibliography included.
Filename: Gas3.wps

American Businesses: Addressing Hazardous Chemicals
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5 pages in length. The writer discusses the detrimental impact hazardous chemicals have upon the environment, as well as addresses current rectifying positions American businesses are taking on the issue. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLChzbiz.wps

Aquaculture & Fish Farming
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An 8 page research paper on the rapidly growing aquaculture industry reviewing: why it is growing, why it is needed, who is entering the industry, what problems are encountered, and what solutions have been found. Special mention of Great Lakes region is included. Bibliography lists a number of relevant sources.
Filename: Aquacult.wps

Assessing Human Impact Upon Southern California Water Resources
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12 pages in length. The writer discusses pollution, encroachment and sustainable development as they relate to human impact upon southern California water resources. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TLCSoCal.wps

Atomic Energy / Use & Control
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A 24 page paper that reports and analyzes the use of atomic energy in the late 1940's. Along with a short defenition of what atomic energy is, the paper talks about how atomic energy was used and the measures by which it was controlled. Extensive bibliography included.
Filename: Atomener.wps

Automobiles & The Environment
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A comprehensive 15 page discussion of the historic role that cars have played in polluting our atmosphere. The writer brings us up-to-date with an in-depth look at various fuel alternatives, the possibility of electric cars, and so forth. Numerous case examples and statistical information are provided. Bibliography lists more than 15 sources.
Filename: Carsenvi.wps

Balancing Environmental Concerns with the Rights to Develop: Nigeria
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An 11 page discussion of the conflicts which emerge when balancing development with environmental protection. Provides an overview of Nigeria's developmental pressure and the environmental problems which have resulted. Suggests that viewing environmental protection as an economically feasible alternative and utilizing an ethical approach in resolving the conflicts between development and environment is the basis for solution of Nigeria's current problems. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: C:\Program Files\MSWorks\Documents\PPnigEnv.wps

Balancing Urban Growth, Economic Needs and Environmentalism
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A 5 page research paper that examines one of the most difficult tasks facing world governments, which is how to balance urban growth, the need for economic development and the impact that such growth has on the environment. The writer explores the problem and then offers the views of environmentalist Edward Wilson in regards to biodiversity as a possible solution. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: khbalenv.wps

Banana Production in Costa Rica
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An 8 page paper discussing changes occurring in banana culture during the decade of the 1990s. Costa Rica's experience with altering its banana production process illustrates that environmental concerns need not be limited only to fully developed nations. A much better path is that of preventing environmental destruction and depletion, particularly in nations largely dependent on agricultural exports for much of the national income. The case also demonstrates that it is not only young companies that can learn and innovate. Chiquita is more than 100 years old, and it led the industrial way in altering banana culture practice. Includes 2 maps. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KSbananas.wps

Beach Erosion
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4 pages on Beach Erosion; its recent history, progression, costs etc;. Goes into detail about reasons for the erosive process. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Beachero.wps

Bear Mountain
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This 3 page paper describes New York's Bear Mountain/Harriman State Park inclusive of its various trails and amenities. Events which are sometimes scheduled are also referenced. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA028BM.wps

Benefits of Regulatory Cooperation between Firms
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A 2 page paper discussing the possibility of producers sharing pollution permits. We already know that many organizations will not operate with the good of the environment as their top priority. It seems clear that government regulation is necessary, and on an ongoing basis. However, regulation could well be achieved through other means as well, benefiting both the environment, producers and consumers. Such sharing could allow producers to operate more efficiently and certainly not increase released toxin levels. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KSregCoop.wps

Biodiversity and Environmental Influences
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This 3 page paper takes a look at tribal cultures and modern society in respect to biodiversity. Dangers of globalization and modernization are highlighted. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA018Bio.wps

Bioremediation And The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
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A 10 page paper. The Exxon Valdez spilled 11 millions of oil that eventually stretched for 1,300 miles along the west coast of Alaska. The process used to clean up the shoreline was bioremediation. By introducing specific microorganisms, growth of natural bacteria that eat hydrocarbons is enhanced. This essay discusses and describes the process that was used after this oil spill. It also discusses what happens to marine life after an oil spill. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PGbiore.wps

Car Hysteria/ "Asphalt Nation"
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A 5 page analysis of Jane Kay's book "Asphalt Nation," which is an indictment of America's auto dependency. Quoting another source, the writer asserts that Kay failed to verify some of her facts, but argues that her basic premise is correct, if overstated. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: 99kaynat.wps

Careless Mining And Timber Harvesting: Kantian Theory
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6 pages in length. Careless mining and timber harvesting in tropical rain forests can destroy entire species of flora and fauna, create soil problems, and even threaten the existence of primitive people who are reliant on what the forests provide. Yet in a number of countries business entrepreneurs are exploiting the rain forests for profit. Kantian theory addresses just such self-seeking behavior, inasmuch as the philosopher believed that such tremendous devastation is not accomplished for the greater good. According to Kantian duty, those who compromise their ethical responsibilities do so in disrespect for the understanding of universal duty. The writer discusses Kantian theory as it relates to careless mining and timber harvesting. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCtimbr.wps

Chaco National Park.
[ send me this paper ]
(10 pp) This discussion centers around a student based assignment to present a problem and/or a controversial subject to an educated audience. The issue and its history needs to be defined; the problem analyzed; debate presented how to resolve the problem; and potential solution to the problem. Although this was developed as a student initiative, the concerns around Chaco Canyon National Park and World Heritage Center are real. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: BBchacoF.doc

Chaco National Park.
[ send me this paper ]
(10 pp) This discussion centers around a student based assignment to present a problem and/or a controversial subject to an educated audience. The issue and its history needs to be defined; the problem analyzed; debate presented how to resolve the problem; and potential solution to the problem. Although this was developed as a student initiative, the concerns around Chaco Canyon National Park and World Heritage Center are real. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: BBchcoFR.doc

Challenges & Advantages of Retrofitting Old Power Plants to Achieve Modern Environmental Compliance
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This 70 page paper considers the issue of retrofitting old power plants and the challenges and advantages that correspond with bringing these plants up to environmental standards. As a component of addressing this issue, this paper will also evaluate the necessity for upgrading existing plants, the emerging concerns and reasoning surrounding the urgency for environmental compliance, and the problems that have occurred in past attempts at transforming existing power plants throughout the world. Bibliography lists 40 sources.
Filename: MHpowerp.wps

Chemical & Biological Weapons / The American Approach
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A 5 page research paper on the present state of chemical and biological weapons. This paper critically analyzes the need and use of chemical and biological weapons by countries of the world, with an emphasis on the policies of the United States. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: ChemBioW.wps

China: Bad Geographical Karma
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(6 pp.) The amazing thing about China is its incredible size. You may believe that you are going in one direction, and really end up in another - there is that much to know and learn. Unfortunately China may be in a place in its ecological development where the rest of us, world-wide will be influenced as well. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBchnawa.doc

Coastal Development: Too Costly?
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5 pages in length. Coastal development used to exist in tandem with the environment; in recent years, it has not only spread dramatically but it has also begun to work against the fragile land. The costs associated with this ceaseless growth are not merely monetary in nature, but rather a combination of economic and environmental expenditure as coastal development inherently damages myriad commodities employed by both man and animal. As a means by which to address this situation, the writer discusses how the concept of sustainable development has been suggested in order to offset the majority of future coastal degradation. However, critics wonder if such a concept possible, given the fact that continued development of any kind will still pose an environmental threat to many coastal locations. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCcoast.wps

Coho Salmon: Description and Life History
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A 7 page overview of the Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) one of the smallest of the salmon species. Describes the appearance and morphological characteristics as well as reproductive behavior. Emphasizes the importance of habitat to this species and the impacts which that habitat is experiencing. Includes a one page description of other related species such as the Chinook salmon and the herring family. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPcoho.wps

Conducting a Research Study/Attitudes on Environment
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A 5 page research paper that details in a tutorial manner how to conduct a research study on whether or not middle class respondents are more like to express environmentally-friendly behaviors. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khresenv.wps

Conservation & The Redwood Forest
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An 8 page paper that discusses the conservationist and economic arguments concerning the redwood forest in Northern California. The paper further looks at the environmental, financial and psychological arguments behind redwood forest issues, and relates the available conservation efforts that, if used, could save the forests for future generations. Future generations not only refers to the people who enjoy the forests for recreation and profit, but the world of people who benefit from its natural air-cleansing properties. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Redwoodf.wps

Controlling Canada Geese Populations
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This 6 page paper provides an overview in respect to the problem of Canada Geese. The overpopulation of the species and the dilemmas they cause for humans is outlined. Several methods of control are explored in depth, including some humane solutions. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA137gse.rtf

Critical Review of Davis's Ecology of Fear
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of this book, and a critical review of the author's ideas. Los Angeles is discussed in depth, particularly as it pertains to natural disasters that, according to the author, are socially constructed. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA121EOF.doc

Crocodiles vs People: A Possible Solution?
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A 13 page paper describing crocodiles and discussing ways in which people can coexist with them. Crocodiles coexisted with the dinosaurs, but they have survived their reptilian relatives by 65 million years. All 23 species were listed as endangered in 1971, but only seven remain so designated. In 2000, it was discovered that crocodile cartilage possesses the same anti-tumor bioactivity as does shark cartilage. Preservation of the crocodile could be important for more than only the ecosystems in which they live. Management in Australia has demonstrated that crocodiles and humans can indeed coexist, without undue strain on either the crocodiles or the humans. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: KS-crocs.wps

Cultural and Environmental Impacts of Interstate 40 in Arkansas
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A 4 page overview of the cultural and environmental impacts which occurred as a result of the construction of Interstate 40. Emphasizes that much of the culture of the Arkansas people who lived in the construction area had been shaped by their environment. While little cultural impact occurred in the cities, the more rural residents of Arkansas were both directly and indirectly affected by the environmental impacts which occurred as a part of this construction and even by the intercultural contact which occurred as a result of the highway. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPi40ark.wps

Dam Projects in Southeast Asia
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A 5 page paper discussing the Asian determination to build large dams even after the rest of the world has abandoned them as not being beneficial. Not only are they incredibly expensive to build, they also have environmental and social costs that previously had not been recognized. All of Southeast Asia seems to be determined, however; China's Three Gorges project will be the world's most costly. The paper uses the example of Egypt's Aswan High Dam as well. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KS-SEAsiaDam.wps

Darwin's Origin of the Species
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A 5 page book report discussing some of Darwin's major concepts. Points discussed include natural and artificial selection; the rise of new species from existing ones; and Darwin's own discussion of "difficulties" with the theory. The paper also discusses common ancestry, speciation and variation within species. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: KSdarwinOrig.wps

David Christian’s Article on Trans-Civilization/Trans-Ecological Routes
[ send me this paper ]
A 2 page overview of the article published in the Journal of World History. Notes that this article is far more than just another history article. Emphasizes that instead it is an observation of the ecological destruction which went hand in hand with silk roads, that series of trade routes linking China, Europe and Africa. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPslkRd2.wps

Deforestation
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses deforestation as it relates to soil erosion, species diversity and global warming. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCdefor.wps

Depletion of Grasslands
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A 10 page paper that explores the issue around the depletion of grassland in the United States. The writer argues that the answer to the problem was identified in a study conducted in the Middle America (Jornado Project), and that that resolution is prescribed burning of brush to revitalize grassland areas. The paper provides two projects that are incorporating that process. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Grasland.wps

Depletion Of The Earth's Ozone Layer
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7 pages in length. Considerable efforts have been made to conquer the ongoing effects of a number of atmospheric planetary degradation, including air pollution, acid rain, acid snow, ozone layer depletion, global warming, the greenhouse effect, solar ultraviolet radiation, photochemical smog, ultraviolet radiation , chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), sulfuric acid, industrial emission, automobile emission, atmospheric carbon dioxide, reduction of biodiversity, synthetic toxins, industrial development, urban development, reduction of photosynthesis, aerosol cans, nuclear war and meteoric contact, but the question remains: How far has mankind really come to eliminate the detrimental aftermath so prevalent up until now? The writer discusses ozone layer depletion as it relates to environmental degradation. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCozone.wps

Destruction of the Amazon Rain Forest
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A 6 page research paper that examines both the pros and cons of rain forest conservation and concludes that utilization of the rain forest's biodiversity may prove to be the key to its preservation. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: khdesran.wps

Development of a Green Product
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the development of environmentally friendly products. In the process of actually designing a green project, countless variables come into play. Careful planning is required and it is important to take full advantage of the substantial amount of product development and market research has already been collected by organizations and industry around the world. This philosophy behind the desire to create environmentally sound products asserts that humanity has the capability to manage resources to sustain a full array of values and uses through a broader understanding of the ecosystems they inhabit. Life cycle assessment is also discussed. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWgrprod.wps

Development: Environmental, Archaeological, and Human Issues in Developing Countries
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A 14 page discussion of the varied issues confronting developing countries in regard to their rural resources and inhabitants. Emphasizes the importance of sustainable development and the protection of ecological, archaeological and human resources. Presents examples of adverse impacts which have been incurred by each, as well as success stories which have occurred, as a result of development activities in the world's lesser technologically advanced countries. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPdevRur.wps

Devon G. Pena/ Chicano Culture & Environmentalism
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page essay that examines Devon G. Pena's outstanding collection of essays on Chicano/a culture and environmentalism, entitled Chicano Culture, Ecology, Politics and Subversive Kin. This volume explores the environmental dimensions of the Chicana-Chicano experience relative to environmental issues. The voices in this collection express a wide variety of perspectives and genres, from poetry to autobiographical accounts to theoretical and empirical essays. These all address significant issues of environmentalism and social justice. The writer focuses on the essay by Pena as representative of the book. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khpena.wps

Dioxin / The Seveso Italy Accident
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A 5 page overview of the problems associated with dioxin contamination as based on studies of the well-documented 1976 explosion of a chlorine manufacturing plant in Seveso Italy. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Dioxin.wps

Drilling for Oil in the Great Lakes Area
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of the problem but argues that drilling should not be done. Specific information on how drilling for oil can harm the environment is provided. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA124oil.rtf

Drinking Water Quality
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A 6 page research paper which examines the problem of whether or not U.S. drinking water is safe. The writer first defines the problem, and then looks at what is being done at the state and national level to keep the public informed as to the quality of their drinking water, and what possible solutions might be implemented to help control water quality. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Drinkwat.wps

Earth Science & The Environmental Scientist
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13 pages on the important relevance that earth science has to the environmental sciences. Numerous case examples are provided. Bibliography lists more than 20 comprehensive sources.
Filename: Envirsci.wps

Ecocentrism, Wilderness, And Global Ecosystem Protection
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A 5 page paper. This paper is based on an article written by George Sessions. The writer discusses Sessions' comments and ideas. Each approach offered by Sessions in terms of protecting the earth's ecosystems is overviewed, then discussed in terms of feasibility. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PGeco2.wps

Ecological Impacts and Anthropomorphic Causes and Remedies for Acid Rain
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A 24 page overview of the environmental phenomena known as acid rain noting that this form of pollution has had a tremendous impact on the ecology of our natural areas, geologic integrity, and more anthropomorphic concerns as agriculture and construction issues. Reports on the initial discovery of acid rain in 1872 and details the progression of our knowledge on the subject. Explores the anthropomorphic causes of acid rain and its impact to the environment. Suggests that the solution to the problem is a change in our energy intensive lifestyles. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: PPacidR3.wps

Ecological Tax Reform
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This 3 page paper looks at how tax is used as an incentive to better and more environmentally friendly practices by both commercial enterprises, organisation as well as individuals. The way in which tax is used is discussed along with suggestions for the future. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEgrntax.wps

Ecologically Viable Fishing Policies; A Economical Approach
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This 7 page paper looks at how the optimum level of harvests in the fishing can be calculated considering birth and death rates and other repopulating factors. The paper considers what is actually meant by the optimum harvest rate, and the dangers that a equilibrium harvest policy may entail. The paper includes 1 graph. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEfishpo.wps

Economic Growth and Sustainability
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This 4 page paper looks at how economic growth can promote sustainable strategies in business. A number of scenarios and case studies are given in this concisely written paper to aid the student in the understanding of how green issues and business can be seen as coexisting with both sustainability and profitability achieved. The bibliography cites 12 sources.
Filename: TEsusdev.wps

Economics of Saving Endangered Species
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5 pages in length. In today's world where we see species being put on the endangered list on a daily basis, there are ways, albeit costly ones, that could help curtail this problem. This paper will look at what can be done to save endangered species as well as what the possible economics of such an undertaking might be. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAendan.wps

Ecosystems: North and South
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(5 pp). As we move into a new century we become more aware of how hard we were on the planet in the last one hundred years. This discussion examines the general criteria of an ecosystem, and then illustrates what an ecosystem is, by describing one on a north facing slope, and one on a south facing slope. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBecoNSR.doc

Ecotourism and Archaeotourism: Trends in U.S. Tourism
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An 11 page examination of the growing need for tourist activities which not only improve an area's economy but also serve to protect sensitive environmental areas and cultural sites. Presents statistics on U.S. tourism and dispels the societal misconceptions of ecotourism and Archaeotourism. Emphasizes these activities can have an immediate and lasting effect on our nation's varied economics and will go a long way toward carrying our precious environmental and cultural resources successfully into the next century. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPusTour.wps

Ecotourism In The Himalayas: Pros And Cons
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5 pages in length. Ecotourism in the Himalayas represents a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the social implications mean increased revenue and, correspondingly, a better way of life. With industry and other revenue-generating options nearly nonexistent, Himalayan ecotourism provides a means by which to draw in much needed economic stability. However, while ecotourism may benefit the Himalayas in a financial capacity, it does just the opposite for the fragile environment. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLChimal.wps

Ecotourism: A Promise for the Perpetuity of U.S. Habitat and Environmental and Archaeological Resources
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A 5 page discussion of the emerging phenomena of eco and archaeotourism. Defines ecotourism and outlines its evolution from its origin in primarily third world to its advent in more developed countries such as the United States. Enumerates the pros and cons of such tourism and concludes that with proper planning ecotourism can not only provide much needed revenues for the conservation of natural and archaeologically valuable areas but also protect those resources. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPecotrs.wps

Effects Of Agriculture On The Mississippi River
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In 8 pages, the Mississippi River is discussed with special attention paid to the effects of agriculture on the river. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: Missr.wps

Electronics Industry
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This 5 page paper looks at the health of the electronics industry in today's shaky economy. The future of the industry is discussed in light of economic trends. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: ElecIn.wps

Energy Efficient Homes: Cost Efficient And Crucial To Environmental Prosperity
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11 pages in length. Planning for the future of energy resources requires a close look at the various alternative energy options for the average home in order to determine the best overall option. The primary deciding factors as to which type or types will prove best include long term availability, cost effectiveness, environmental and personal health risks, as well as how they are utilized in terms of specific application. Industry experts contend that over the next thirty-to-forty years, the usage trend will continue to be petroleum as the dominant energy source, followed by coal, gas, renewable energy sources, and nuclear power. In spite of this fact, alternative fuel sources will continue to be a significant issue with regard to future energy demands. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: TLCcostE.wps

Energy in California: Crisis, Challenge or Both?
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(5 pp) In February of this year (2001), California Public Utilities send a message to its subscribers, "Yes the energy shortage is real!" It then goes on to say that the State of California has a population of 35 million and is the world's sixth largest economy. Obviously that is a lot of light switches. The Utility is asking its users to modify their habits and reduce their energy consumption. It is estimated that use can be reduced by eight percent through customer self-monitoring Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BBcalngy.doc

Energy Sources From Wind, Air And Water
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10 pages in length. As the earth's natural energy sources are readily becoming depleted with the new millennium, science has been forced to look toward other, more manageable and renewable sources of energy. The writer discusses the trials and implementation of alternative energy sources that utilize air, wind and water. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCensrc.wps

Environment And Ethics: Pollution Of Southern California Beaches
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10 pages in length. Southern California beaches exemplify the epitome of what beachgoers seek; not only is the weather perfect most of the year, but many locations have significant wave activity to appease even the most avid surfer. The beaches of southern California have historically been coveted for their pristine water and environmental conditions; however, this does not describe the beach conditions of the twenty-first century. Indeed, southern California's beaches are in the midst of an overwhelming pollution problem that can be traced to myriad components: marine debris (garbage, industrial runoff); coastal overpopulation; and the failure of environmentally sustainable growth. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCbeech.wps

Environmental and Food Safety of Genetically Modified Plants:
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This 7 page paper provides an overview of the issues related to genetically modified plants in regards to environmental and food safety. This paper assesses the threat of modified plants to the environments, possible concerns regarding the impact of modified plants to other species and existing natural ecosystems, and the safety of modified plants for the consumer. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHplantm.wps

Environmental Auditing / ISO 14000
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This 8 page paper discuses the requirements of ISO 14001, which is the Environmental Management Systems Auditing process for companies. This new series, ISO 14000, will be a far reaching set of standards which will dramatically change the way companies address environmental issues. Although voluntary, international demand will result in companies who want to do business on a global basis to become certified. The paper discusses different aspects of this set of standards as well a brief overview for reasons this was necessary and why it will impact global marketing. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: ISO14000.wps

Environmental Concerns Regarding Heap Leaching
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A 5 page paper discussing the environmental concerns related to heap leach operations. What is the process of heap leaching and why is it used? Current issues surrounding the process are briefly examined. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: Leach.wps

Environmental Degradation as it Relates to the Colonial and Postcolonial State of India
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A 5 page discussion of the colonial mindset of exploitation which has plagued much of the world. Contends that this mindset is evidencing itself today in regard to the degradation of India’s environment through the export of much of the world’s toxic waste the country. Identifies the solution to this problem as lying in the modification of the mindset of exploitation to one of responsibility. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPindEnv.wps

Environmental Disasters And Policies
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A 12 page paper. Over the years, there have been numerous environmental disasters that were caused by human error. This paper discusses Three Mile Island, Chernobyl and Exxon Valdez. The writer then explores policy changes, if any, as a result of these catastrophes. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PGenvdis.wps

Environmental Education / The One Issue All Environmentalists Agree On
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This 3 page essay discusses the fact that regardless of any individual environmental viewpoint or issue, the key to sound environmental awareness and action is education. No sources cited.
Filename: Enved.wps

Environmental Ethics & The Lumber Industry
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A 12 page paper that provides an overview of the literature concerning the lumber industry and their unethical environmental practices, including clear-cutting. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Lumber.doc

Environmental Ethics in Business; An Article Review
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This 5 page paper considers the ethics of environmentalism and the lack of environmentalism concern in business. The paper consider this by looking at an article by in the Academy of Management Review by Ronald E. Purser, Changkil Park and Alfonso Montuori entitled ' Limits to anthropocentrism; toward an ecocentric organization paradigm'. This proposes two different models by which we may define a companies or individual behaviour and then goes on to discuses the various aspects of the models. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEantrop.wps

Environmental Intersections between Cultures and Modernism
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9 page research paper that discusses how three specific examples of grassroots environmentalism fit a model outlined by Ghai and Vivian (1992). This model is applied to the history and politics of environmental degradation. This model zeroes in on the intersection between cultures and organized resistance to modern projects that negatively impact the environment. The experiences of the upper Rio Grande and the Wisconsin Chippewas are used as examples. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: 99grsenv.wps

Environmental Issues
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Fly Tipping and Development; This 10 page paper considers two issues. The writer first looks at a case where a company has bought land were fly tipping (illegal waste dumping) has taken place. The writer looks at the actions that need to be taken to clean the land including the legal and the practical implications., the issue of liability and how different types of waste need to be approached. The second part of the paper considers the use of the land for industrial purposes and the way in which local residents may object. The writer includes suggestions on how these objections may be minimised with a stakeholder approach. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEflytip.wps

Environmental Justice.
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(3 pp). A new area of law seems to be asserting itself called "environmental justice." This loosely coined phrase is to protect both the environment itself, and those through circumstances beyond their control, may be victims in that polluted environment. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBenvlaw.doc

Environmental Poetry
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A 5 page paper discussing the environmental aspects of Stafford's 'Gaen' and 'The Radioactive Pail;' Blumenthal's 'Deep Ecology' and 'Human Excrement;' and William Cullen Bryant's 'The Prairies.' Each gives a differing view of possibilities for man getting along with, rather than destroying, the environment in which we must necessarily live. No additional sources cited.
Filename: EnvPoetry.wps

Environmental Points of View in “The Monkey Wrench Gang” by Edward Abbey
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This 5 page report discusses “The Monkey Wrench Gang” in terms of the unique voices Abbey presents and their attitudes regarding the environment. Looking at two of the characters, Hayduke and Seldom Seen, and their attitudes presents a broad spectrum of the motivations that drive people to protect their visions of the environment. No secondary sources.
Filename: BWmonkey.wps

Environmental Sustainability: The Need for Change
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A 5 page discussion of what would be required for a sustainable environment. Emphasizes our dependence on petroleum products and the need for a change in this dependence. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPsustai.wps

Environmentally Friendly Shopping Bags
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12 pages in length. Implementing the use of environmentally friendly shopping bags at the mall is a wonderfully ecologically-minded prospect that will not only gain the complex considerable publicity for its progressive thinking, but it will also establish it as one of a handful of malls adhering to the same restriction. However, it will also bring to light some significant challenges that must first be thoroughly researched before determining if such an idea merits execution. The writer gives a brief overview of required research topics, presents a research proposal, as well as provides a pertinent questionnaire for project participants to complete. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Shopbag.wps

Environmentally Friendly Technology
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A 20 page research paper which examines how technological innovation is working to clean up the environment. The writer argues that technology is succeeding in this goal by citing numerous industries that have developed 'green' technologies for this purpose. This paper also speculates that strict environmental regulations, such as those which have been so successful in Germany, would result in U.S. industry choosing environmentally friendly technology and a research study is proposed to test this hypothesis. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: Frentech.wps

Environmentally Sound Alternatives to Gas / Replacement Fuel
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A well-written 6 page research paper discussing some of the possible alternatives to using gasoline in cars. The writer details the scope of this environmental problem, its history, and then elaborates each of the possible solutions (electric cars, etc;) and makes recommendations. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Gasprob.wps

Ethical Land Use
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A 5 page overview of the changes in land use ethics experienced in this country since its settlement by Europeans. Discusses the current state of environmental permitting and gives examples of the problems which still exist. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Landeth.wps

Ethics: Do They All Look Alike?
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This five-page-paper presents a discussion on the viewpoints of two well known environmentalist philosophers William Baxter and Peter Singer. The similarities and differences in the two men's belief system are outlined and discussed. Bibliography lists three sources.
Filename: CWbassin.wps

Evolution & Environmental Perspective
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A 5 page research paper that answers three specific questions concerning attitudes toward the environment. Question 1 concerns the connection between one attitude toward evolution and beliefs on species' preservation. Question #2 discusses the stances of Rolston, Gould and Russow on species preservation. And the third question has to do with anthropocentric reasons for species preservation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khsppre.wps

Far Tortuga.
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(5 pp) Although this initially appears as an adventure story, anyone who knows Peter Matthiessen's work will be ready for much more, and view the sparse writing and revelation through dialog, as rhythmic as the sea itself. Far Tortuga (1975), like his other works, is distinguished by a love of nature, and an urgent concern that the elemental harmony between man and nature is in great jeopardy, as well as the belief in the cyclic process of the universe.
Filename: BBtortug.doc

Farm Preservation in Pennsylvania
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This 10 page paper provides a look at farm preservation and how Pennsylvania has fared. Solutions for communities are proposed. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA117Pa.doc

Film Analysis / Silkwood
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In this 4 page report, the writer finds that Silkwood -- the biographical account of a plutonium plant worker who died mysteriously in an auto crash as she was about to expose nuclear safety violations-- shies away from taking a definitive stand on who precisely was responsible for the institutional negligence at the plant and ultimately, for Karen Silkwood's death. The writer also feels that the film is clearly slanted toward the positions of labor and the environmental-protection movement yet never tells us who was guilty. No Bibliography.
Filename: Silkwood.wps

Florida Beach Erosion
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A 6 page research paper that examines the erosion of Florida's beaches, how it occurs and what is being done to offset it. The writer argues that while officials, on the local, state and national level, are concerned about this problem, an examination of the forces behind beach erosion demonstrates that there is only so much that technology can do. In the final evaluation, humanity still is at the mercy of nature concerning this issue and can only hope to offset, rather then alter, the forces that cause beach erosion. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: khflobe.wps

Forest Management
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The belief that the bounty of nature can be reaped in a controlled manner is an ideal known as 'sustainable use'. Sustainable use is not some fringe idea, but rather the central organizing principle for global environmental policy, a concept refined over two decades at international conferences. It is often paired with 'sustainable development', or the notion that economic development, if carried out in a careful manner, can proceed without exhausting the natural resources needed by future generations. This is a 7 page paper that looks at sustainable use of forests, specifically in the philosophy of the National Forest Service, the BLM and the private commercial sector. It also looks at non-federal public land use. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Susfores.wps

Fred Bodsworth's The Last of the Curlews / A Review
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A 4 page review of Fred Bodsworth's 'The Last of the Curlews,' recently republished after its initial publication over 40 years ago. Tells the story of the extinction of a species and recounts mankind's many wrongs. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Curlew.wps

Garbage Disposal and the Environment
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4 pages on contemporary problems relevant to garbage disposal. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Various processes and their cost-effectiveness are examined.
Filename: Garbcomp.wps

General Electric Corporation and Environmental Responsibility
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8 pages in length. General Electric owns a large group of industries, including everything from broadcasting to power plant parts manufacturing. It also is responsible for some deadly environmental impact. This paper delves into General Electric and their responsibility towards our environment. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: JGAgenel.wps

Genetic Engineering and the World’s Agricultural Processes
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This 5 page report presents an argumentative discussion that is opposed to genetic engineering of the plants and animals that make up the food chain for human beings. A great deal of the controversy regarding genetic engineering and agriculture revolves around the fact that people believe that adding chemicals to the food supply, using radiation to insure a longer shelf life for products, or introducing various growth hormones and stimulants to the animals and plants in human beings’ food chain is a bad idea. The media, elected officials, marketing consortiums, and others are all determined to discover why consumers would think such a thing. Ironically, the reason is relatively simple . . . it is a bad idea. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWgeneng.wps

Genetic Engineering; Boon or Bane
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This 5 page paper looks at the facts surrounding the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering and genetically modified crops. The issues of pest and virus control are examined and the emphasis is on the positive aspects of this new science. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEgeneng.wps

Gibbons, Whit & Anne R. - 'Ecoviews: Snakes, Snails, and Environmental Tales'
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This 4 page report discusses 'Ecoviews: Snakes, Snails, and Environmental Tales,' an enthusiastic treatise about protecting the earth's biodiversity. The book is unique in its focus on the American Southeast, a region too often neglected in articles or books addressing environmental issues. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWeviews.rtf

Global Warming
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A 9 page research paper that argues that the concept of global warming is seriously flawed. The writer discusses the various arguments made by those who oppose the global warming model of climatic change. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khglowrm.wps

Global Warming: Addressing The Problem From Two Countries' Perspectives
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses the issue of global warming, as well as how China and Finland have contributed to and might address the problem. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TLCglbwr.wps

Global Warming: Critical Summary of Articles on the Issue
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This 12 page report discusses the phenomenon of global warming and what it means in terms of various theories regarding the overall change of Earth’s climate has caused a great deal of furious controversy regarding the extent to which human activities have an impact on global temperatures and weather patterns. Several key points are considered when reviewing the articles: What is this particular articles primary argument; how can it be summed up; what type of disagreement has been offered on this aspect of the issue; what proof or research has been offered; and, is the argument the author makes convincing. A final summary is also presented. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWgwarm.wps

Global Warming: It is Not Too Late To Cool Down
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This 10 page paper provides an overview about global warming inclusive of the theories behind it and its future. Ideas about how global warming can be stopped or slowed down are included. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA118glo.doc

Hazardous Material Assessment
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A hazardous material may be defined as a substance capable of creating harm to people, property, and the environment. This 13 page paper critically examines the statement, "In an increasingly complex industrial society simplifying hazardous material assessment will encourage non specialists to make assessments beyond their competence and therefore actually increase risk or cause unjustified additional expenditure on controls"; concluding that the controls now in place are insufficient. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: KThazmat.wps

Henry David Thoreau’s “Walden”
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This 6 page report discusses the most basic aspects of Henry David Thoreau (1817-62) and the two years he spent at a crude cottage beside Walden Pond, a small body of water outside Concord, Massachusetts. Walden is essentially a daily account of his stay in the woods, of which he wrote, “Every morning was a cheerful invitation to make my life of equal simplicity” as theirs. No additional sources.
Filename: BWwalden.wps

Highway Construction and Environmental Impact
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An 18 page discussion of the highway construction and its sometimes tremendous impact on the world's air and water and the environment in general. The general public is most often aware of the impacts on animal and plant species. Many other environmental impacts come at the hands of highway construction, however. These impacts can be both direct and indirect, point source and nonpoint source. Careful attention to project planning can result in the avoidance of environmental impact, the minimization of that impact or, mitigation when neither avoidance or minimization can be accomplished. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPenvHwy.wps

History of the US Environmental Movement
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A 12 page research paper that examines the history of the environmental movement in the US, relying mainly on the framework provided by Benjamin Kline's book First Along the River: A Brief History of the US Environmental Movement. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khkline.wps

Hobbs and Rousseau in the Neighborhood.
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(5 pp) Our assigned role is to consider the individual and how he best functions in a community. In doing that we will be looking at an equal relationship of the community and the individual, in that one does not bare more of the load of work than the other. Our points of reference will be the philosophers Rousseau and Hobbes. Bibliography lists two sources.
Filename: BBhbsrou.doc

Holes in the Floor of Heaven - The Ozone Layer Issue
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A 5 page paper that examines the environmental problem of the depletion of the ozone layer. The opposing views of this issue are discussed, along with the initial goals and objectives set by the Montreal Protocol in 1987 and the present lapse in the fulfillment of those goals and objectives. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: LCozone.doc

Human Habitations' Contribution to Pollution
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This 12 page report discusses the contribution made by humans and their habitats to the growth of pollution and the depletion of the earth's natural resources. The past several decades have shown that there is considerable evidence that science and technology can create more efficient ways to coexist with nature and actually reduce environmental degradation. However, there must always be a concern that enough is truly being done. Improvement over the past means little if the natural resources of the planet continue to be depleted. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BWhabpol.wps

Hybrid Electrical Vehicles
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An 8 page paper. A hybrid vehicle is one that uses two sources of power, such as gasoline and electric batteries. These are on the cutting edge of automotive technology. This paper discusses how such vehicles are powered and introduces the Toyota Prius and the Honda Insight. The writer also reports what American manufacturers are doing in this area. Finally, the disadvantages and advantages of hybrids are described. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PGhybrid.wps

Indigenous Cultures of Venezuela
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7 pages in length. Discussion of the Yamamao and Pemon tribes inhabiting the rain forests. Their culture, marriage patterns and the problems they are facing with the destruction of the rain forests are all covered in this interesting paper concerning these ancient and primitive peoples. Also includes discussion on recent attempts to civilize these people. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: JGAyacul.wps

Is Environmental Activism Effective ?
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This 10 page paper gives an overview of the environmental activism movement and the issues it addresses. It also looks at the question of whether or not environmental activism is effective and in what ways. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Enviroa.wps

Is Sustainable Development Possible?
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This 4 page paper consider this question in detail. Firstly the paper considers the different opinion on what is meant by sustainable development. Then the paper looks at how those definitions can be applied to the commercial world and the results that they may achieve in terms of the environment before reaching a conclusion as the realistic goal of sustainable development in commercial environment. The bibliography cites 9 sources.
Filename: TEsusdep.wps

Jane Holtz Kay/ "Asphalt Nation"
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A 5 page summation and analysis of Jane Holtz Kay's book "Asphalt Nation." In this book, Kay addresses the trend away from the auto-dominated public policy that has shaped the American landscape since the invention of the Model T. She argues that the time has come to move away from auto-centered transportation. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99asfalt.wps

Japan and China: A Comparison of Environments
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A 6 page overview of the natural resources and ecological complexity of Japan and China. Summarizes the fact that since China is larger in terms of physical land coverage it encompasses more ecological diversity than does Japan. Concludes that each country shares the threat of overdevelopment and severe impact to their fragile ecosystems. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPchnJap.wps

John McPhee/ "Control of Nature"
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A 5 page analysis of two of the stories that John McPhee relates in his book The Control of Nature. In this book, McPhee describes situations in which human beings are defying nature by living in areas where humans live at their own risk. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khmcphee.wps

Joshua Tree
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An 11 page tourism and hospitality guide to one of the most incredibly spectacular sites in the United States, Joshua Tree National Park in California. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: RAjoshua.wps

Keekok Lee/The Natural and the Artefactual
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A 5 page essay that examines Keekok Lee's philosophical book The Natural and the Artefactual offers a comprehensive examination of how Western civilization has regarded the relationship between humanity and the natural world. While Lee traces and explains the origins and ramifications of this relationship – which is traditional, as indicated in Genesis, that humanity is intended to use and dominate the planet, Lee also offers an alternative perspective that argues that such a stance toward nature is innately immoral. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khklee.wps

Land Preservation
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This 5 page essay addresses U.S. policy issues in respect to land preservation. Different types of programs and reasons for preservation are explored. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Lanpres.wps

Legionnaire's Disease
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In 1976 two hundred and twenty two people all came down with the same malady from a previously unidentified bacteria and 34 of those people died. This 10 page paper presents an overview of Legionnaire's disease that includes a briefing for nursing staff and a technical briefing for control in occupational settings, including hospitals. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: KTlegnre.wps

Legislative Fuel Issues: Economic Impact
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18 pages in length. The 1980's presented the perfect scenario with regard to the economic and political relationship to the oil market. Depending upon one's interpretation of which direction the oil market was heading during that time, various approaches were taken in relation to its final and stabilizing outcome. Indeed, this particular decade was quite instrumental in determining what was to be expected for future decades that were to follow. With the current situation of proposed taxation and mileage regulation, the need has never been more critical for alternative sources in order to ease the inherent economic impact. Progress has been made over the past two decades since the 1980s oil issue; as such, the combined efforts of regulatory and market pressures proved to generate twice the miles per gallon from 1973. Still, the positive economic impact of such changes must be only the beginning toward addressing the steadily depleting fuel supply. The writer discusses suggested changes in legislation in order to address the growing energy problem. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCFulTx.wps

Lichens as Bioindicators
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A 5 page discussion of the use of lichens as biological indicators. Defines lichens, describes their varied and important ecological roles, and discusses the various environmental parameters which affect their growth, diversity, and distribution. Emphasizes the importance of analytical techniques which utilize lichens in assessing the impacts of air pollution. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPlichen.wps

Losing Touch With Nature: A Human Tragedy
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This 5 page paper explores the view that we as a society have lost much in terms of happiness and humanity as we lose touch with nature. As a result of our having lost touch with nature, not only are we less happy, but we have become less humane as well. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JGAnatur.wps

Marine Biology: Pollutants
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses marine pollution as it relates to coral reefs, southern California beaches and global waters. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCpollu.wps

Market Orientation: Delphi Automotive
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(7 pp) Market-oriented organizations seek to find the most profitable match between taking into account such key driving factors as customer's perceptions of environmental and health issues. This organizational orientation is applied to the Delphi Automotive Products company. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBdelphi.doc

Melissa Everett/"Making a Living"
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A 5 page review of Melissa Everett's book Making a Living While Making a Difference, in which Everett outlines ways by which individuals can find fulfillment in their careers by through environmental activism. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khmakliv.wps

Miami Beach / Land & Coastal Survey
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5 pages in length. A thorough analysis of the Miami Beach area in which the writer attempts to evaluate dangers of coastal erosion and human influence in order to determine feasibility as a resort. Vegetation, humidity, definition of the barrier coast, and offshore fishing are among the many items discussed. Recommendations are made for municipal government funding of new sea walls to better protect the area from further erosion. The writer concludes, however, that very little danger ultimately exists. No Bibliography.
Filename: Miamires.wps

Microbial Adhesion
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A 5 page overview of the literature reporting on the status of knowledge regarding the factors which influence the adhesion of microbial organisms. Notes that many of these factors are the same in the oral environment as they are in other environments. Emphasizes the importance of the curvature and molecular configuration of the microbe and the short range ionic interactions which occur. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPdentMc.wps

Mineral, Energy, and Water Resources of Kentucky
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A 17 page overview of the natural resources of the state of Kentucky. Provides a broad overview of the types of minerals which exists in the state and emphasizes that mining, while necessary to the economy and energy needs of the state, can have tremendous environmental impacts. Summarizes the importance and impact of limestone mining in particular and cautions that mining alone is not the only adverse environmental impact in the state of Kentucky. Outlines the importance of the states water bodies (including a two page list of some of the most noted) and wetlands and the impacts of such activities as the construction and operation of hydroelectric dams and domestic wastewaters. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPkyMnrl.wps

Minimalizing The Effects Of 'Environmental Management' On Wilderness
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A 5 page page paper discussing the impact of environmental management on wilderness areas and the integrity of wilderness. Bibliography lists eight sources.
Filename: Envmgmt.wps

Mongolia: Not for the typical tourist.
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(7 pp). The Mongolian People's Republic is a sparsely populated country comprising a land area over twice as much as Texas but only twelfth that state's population. It shares the vast Mongolian Plateau with portions in China and the Soviet Union and is the largest land-locked country in the world, and one of the newest democracies.The plateau is the traditional home of the Mongol people. During the 1200s the various Mongol tribes, united under Chingis Han (Ghengis Kahn), swept down from the plateau to carve out a great empire that eventually stretched from China to eastern Europe. Bibliography lists 5 source, including map.
Filename: BBmongol.doc

Native American Uniformity in an Ecological World View?: A Polemic Approach to Demonstrating or Refuting the Validity of a Popular Perception
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A 15 page discussion of the popular perception that Native Americans exhibit a uniform ecological world view. Presents supporting and detracting arguments for this view. Notes first that the sheer diversity of Native American cultures and individuals would make it unlikely that such a uniformity in view exists. The author then points out demonstrated differences in the way that Native Americans interact with their environment as opposed to the way those of European backgrounds interact with theirs, differences which would appear to support the contention of a uniform ecological world view among Native Americans. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: PPnaEco2.wps

Natural Gas / World Energy Supply
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This 7 page research paper discusses issues concerning natural and other gases as world energy supplies. Inherent benefits, risks, dangers, and advantages over other energy sources are all examined. It is concluded that as an energy source, natural gas is not as widely used as are other types. Nevertheless, the availability of natural gas assures humankind a huge source of nonpolluting energy for the future. Bibliography lists 4+ sources.
Filename: Worlener.wps

Natural Gas as a Fuel in Diesel Engines
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An 18 page paper discussing research in introducing natural gas as an enhancer for diesel fuel. Natural gas cannot fully substitute for any fuel in any type of internal combustion engine, but there have been attempts to use a pilot injection of diesel followed by injection of natural gas. The nature of natural gas is such that the diesel's continuous air supply is detrimental. The pilot diesel - natural gas combination has been successful in single-cylinder engines, but in no other diesel engines of any greater number of cylinders. Includes 2 diagrams and a chart. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KSdieselNG.wps

Nelson's The Island Within
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Richard Nelson's journal of a journey, The Island Within, provides a perspective that is at once aligned with the humanist view of nature and the practical aspects of survival. This 5 page paper examines the theme of the book: that humans are able to live in spiritual and physical harmony with nature. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KTislwtn.wps

New England Fisheries
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The people of New England take their fishing very seriously. They have to - for generations it has been their livelihood, their sport and their hobby. Fishing off the shores of New England began in 1497, with the voyage of John Cabot. The first piece of technology to make an impact on the fish population off of New England was the steamer engine. In 1914, the U.S. Commissioner of Fisheries appointed a committee to investigate what damage the otter trawl might do to fish stocks. The committee reported that the new technology was already causing a decline of fish in the North Sea. This 5 page paper asserts that there is still time to halt the destruction of the ecosystem that has defined the New England coast for as long as people have been there to notice. There is time to stop the decimation of the fish population by instigating measures that will reduce the fishing Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: KTnefish.wps

New Jersey Brownfields & Site Remediation Act
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An 8 page overview of the New Jersey Brownfields and Site Remediation Act, its history, intent, liability, incentives and limitations. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Njbrownf.wps

Nonpoint Pollution: Insufficient Regulation
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An 11 page discussion of the contribution of nonpoint pollution to the degradation of the world's waterbodies. Identifies nonpoint pollution sources and distinguishes them from point source pollution. Identifies primary nonpoint pollutants and outlines their impact on the environment. Suggests that while the environmental regulations for point source pollution have improved considerably over the past three decades, the regulations for nonpoint pollution are insufficient. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: C:\Program Files\MSWorks\Documents\PPnonpnt.wps

Nuclear Energy / What is it Costing Us ?
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A 16 page research paper on nuclear energy and the price that we pay to have it. An historic overview of our decision to implement nuclear power is complemented by a thorough analysis of the worldwide confusion over its "pros" and "cons." While there do indeed exist merits to using this form of energy, the inherent risks and dangers far outweigh any degree of perceived necessity. The final sections of the report, therefore, discuss viable alternatives to nuclear power and how we can "market" them to be used successfully around the world. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Nukeeneg.wps

Occupational Asthma
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10 pages in length. One of the most important discoveries of late is that of workplace influence when it comes to asthma attacks. Experts address the reasons why the office may be one of the most hazardous places to be for an asthmatic, inasmuch as two to fifteen percent of all new asthma cases are the direct result of occupational irritants. The lungs are attacked on a regular basis in the workplace setting from 240 reactive chemicals or natural proteins. In order to combat this assault, businesses are urged to 1) assess the workplace and 2) address and eliminate the causative agent(s). Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: TLCOccAs.wps

Occupational Hygiene: Developing a Monitoring Strategy for Personal Exposure to Hazardous Materials
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A 10 page discussion of the many considerations which are inherent in occupational hygiene. Emphasizes that occupational hygiene is a multifaceted field. It is a field which involves not only a thorough understanding of facility operations and layout but also an understanding of the contaminants and their mechanism for exposure. Includes a brief outline of the characteristics of particulate, carbon monoxide, and radon contamination. Concludes that occupational hygiene requires much more than simple ambient monitoring for contaminants, it involves planning in regard to employee movement, personal monitoring devices and protective equipment, and medical evaluation. The occupational hygienist must be capable of assessing the workplace, devising effective monitoring and safety programs, and implementing each if worker safety is to be assured. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPhzrdEx.wps

Ocean Bottom Blizzards - The Nature of Benthic Storms
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A 7-page paper that defines the undersea disturbances known as benthic storms and examines the causes and effects of these disturbances. Included is a discussion of the components of the sediment existing in the benthic zone and how these components are suspended and transported by way of the undersea currents that create and push benthic storms. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: LCStorms.doc

Oil Production in the United States
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5 pages in length. In considering oil production in the United States it is best to first focus on the five e's. Those are: efficiency, evolution, extent, economics, and environment. By considering each of these topics there is a well-rounded picture of the United States oil production, and this paper will discuss each of these. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAoilpr.wps

Overfishing, Sharks, and Biodiversity
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An 8 page overview of the impacts of overfishing on sharks and other species, some of which might not be immediately obvious as to their relation with the shark. Emphasizes that our oceans are fascinating testaments to the complexity and interrelationships of living organisms, that they are comprised of a number of interrelated components, each with its own ecological value. Details possible impacts to both open water diversity and coral reef biodiversity as a result of the overfishing of sharks. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPshark.wps

Overpopulation
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There are now more than six billion people residing on the planet earth. This 8 page paper provides a tutorial for the student wishing to address the effects of overpopulation on a global as well as an individual level. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTovrpop.wps

Ozone Depletion – Is it Getting Hot or is it Just Me?
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This 7-page essay details the current status of our planet’s ozone layer, and what the ramifications will be if we do not negate its current rate of depletion. Not just another issue that environmentalists wax philosophic about – if left unabated -- we will all have more to worry about than just the heat. Bibliography lists 7 sources. SNOzone1.doc
Filename: SNOzone1.doc

Pacific Northwest Rain Forests
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4 pages in length. The writer discusses climate, plant/animal species of and threats to the Pacific Northwest rain forests. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCpacrn.wps

Patrick Geddes
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A 6 page paper that describes the views and philosophy of Patrick Geddes, the environmentalist turned city planner who demonstrated his concerns for natural features within urbanization. Geddes demonstrated a means by which cities could revitalize utilizing environmental concerns as their basis. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Geddes.wps

Personal Responsibility and Action in Response to Social and Environmental Problems
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This 5 page report discusses the fact that, far too often, individuals make the assumption that there is little or nothing they can personally do about the vast number of social or environmental issues that have an impact on the health and well-being of the planet and all of its inhabitants. The problems seem too large for one very small person to make a dent in. To make the decision that one’s own action, regardless of the realm in which it is taken, will ultimately be meaningless is to assure that it will be just that. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWsocenv.wps

Perspectives on the Ozone Layer Depletion
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(6 pp) We have been hearing bout the depletion in the ozone layer for quite some time now; long enough in fact that we may start to wonder if it is so much hype, or continues to have basis in reality. We that thought in mind, we shall gather information concerning this depletion from three separate disciplinary perspectives. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BBozdepl.doc

Pharmaceutical Waste in Europe
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In this 5 page paper the pharmaceutical industry is examined with the argument that waste is not dealt with in the most effective manner due to the amount this would cost and the ability of companies to cut costs and remain in the law, or fail to be caught and prosecuted when they breach the law. The paper compares the way businesses have to deal with hazardous waste in the UK where the emphasis is on legislation, and compares this with Italy, where the emphasis is more of a stakeholder approach by the use of the annual accounts. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEhazwas.wps

Physical Geography and Socio-Environmental Responsibility
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A 14 page research paper on this science of global environmental change. The writer defines physical geography, presents an historical overview of it, and attempts to explain reasons for physical geography's neglect of certain relevant social issues concerning the environment. It is noted that this example represents a basic misunderstanding of the relationship between science and the philosophy of science. Contemporary perspectives and a look at the future direction of physical geography are provided as well. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Physgeog.wps

Piers Blaikie’s “At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability, and Disasters”
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This 5 page report discusses Blaikie’s 1996 book and his theories regarding the vulnerability of people in certain circumstances in the wake of a disaster. Blaikie’s years of field work in the Third World nations allowed him to develop his premise that the usual focus on natural hazards as being responsible for provoking disasters is actually out of place in the issues of political ecology and so-called “recovery.” Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWblaiki.wps

Planning and Cities
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This 5 page paper looks at the issue which need to be considered by city planners. A holistic approach is advised with issues such as the reasons for cities growth and the influence of transport examined. A possible solution to inner city congestion is also discussed with an illustrative diagram.
Filename: TEplanqu.wps

Pluralism and the Politics of Environment
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This 9 page essay reviews the pluralistic issues surrounding the modern environmental movement. What can serve as a resolution? What concerns must all groups evaluate and resolve? Bibliography lists seven sources.
Filename: Green.wps

Pollution In Los Angeles, California
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A 5 page paper. Until recently, Los Angeles was the smoggiest city in the United States. It is now in second place after Houston. This essay discusses the air pollution and provides some data regarding Los Angeles. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGLAsmg.wps

Pollution in the Rhine: Effects on the Environment
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A 15 page overview of the environmental degradation which has been experienced in the Rhine region as a result of overdevelopment. Outlines the industrial and domestic pollutants and discusses their impact to the environment and to human health. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPrhineP.wps

Population Explosion of the 20th Century and its Effect on a Sustainable Future
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In 5 pages the author discusses the population explosion and its effect on a sustainable future. The population explosion that has occurred in the 20th century is astounding. If the population continues to increase at the present rate as projected, something will have to be done about the number of people on the planet in order to have a sustainable future on Earth. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PCpxsf.wps

Population Theory and Malthus
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This 7 page paper looks at the theories of Thomas Malthus on population growth and control. His controversial views were not universally accepted as they appeared to condone the abandonment of welfare provisions due to the relationship between food production and population growth. Alternative views have been put forward in the years since Malthus first published his theories, as such the theories of Esther Boserup which can be seen as a strong contrast to Malthus are also considered. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEpopmal.wps

Predications for the Future
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This 5 page essay focuses on predictions for the world in the context of cultural geography. Several issues are explored inclusive of population, agriculture, ethnicity, and religion. No bibliography.
Filename: SA124cg.rtf

Proposal to Clean Up Connecticut's "Filty Five"
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A 12 page paper presenting a proposal and rationale for requiring that Connecticut's oldest operating power plants no longer be exempt from any current standards. Technology exists now that was only dreamed of in the 1970s; the business of pollution abatement is old enough that it is no longer a high-dollar item relative to the benefits it provides. Newer power plants are far more efficient than are older ones, both in their use of power-generating fuel and byproduct emissions. Industry has come to the place that power plant emissions are far less of an issue now than in the past, but there are older installations that were exempt from original standard-setting and have managed to remain so over the decades. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: KSCTpower.wps

Puerto Ricans in New York City.
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(5 pp) The salsa is hot and the music is great, but are things really improving that much under the glitz of the Big Apple. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BBprtrNY.doc

Questions in California Agriculture
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A 7 page paper answering three specific discussion questions regarding the future of agriculture in general, but with special emphasis on California. The first question addresses how the top state official for animal health should approach the public for reassurance in the absence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy diseases such as mad cow, variant Cruetzfeld Jakob and scrapie diseases (public education, beginning with the media). The second examines whether a failing family farm should be sold under a SOAR initiative rezoning and concludes that alternative use should remain "green." The third discusses whether the chancellor of the state university system should encourage growth of agricultural biotechnology and the personal risks of the affirmative argument. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSagQuest.doc

Radical Ecology
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What is known as "cultural ecofeminism" is most associated with the idea of a spiritual bond between women and nature. This 5 page paper observes that the primary view provided by Carolyn Merchant, in her book Radical Ecology: The Search for a Livable World, is not one of ecological concern but, rather, the feminist critique of ecological factors. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: KTfemeco.wps

Radon: A Colorless, Odorless, Tasteless Gas
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A 5 page description of the gas radon. Provides the history of its discovery as well as information on the molecular characteristics of the gas, the various isotopes, and potential threats to human health. Concludes that while there are valid and useful application of radon, it is a gas which presents a number of concerns. The most obvious of these are found in association with mining for uranium and in toxic waste dumps. Perhaps one of the most concerning aspects of radon overall, however, is its insidious infiltration into our homes and buildings. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPradon.wps

Recycling Oil
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This 13 page paper considers the role of the oil recycling industry. In a broad overview the paper first considers why the recycling of oil is so important and then goes on to look at the industry and how it operates, what oil can be recycles and the products it can be recycled into as well as considering some of the recycling methods. The bibliography cites 12sources.
Filename: TEoilrcy.wps

Recycling Plastics in Dallas
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(5pp) Did you know that about 1,200 soft drink and salad dressing containers could be recycled to carpet the average living room? Or that over 5 years ago the United States threw away 193 million tons of plastic, and recycled only about 5% of it? We will look at Texas, and focus on Dallas to see how "plastic" they have become. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBplsrcy.doc

Request for a Donation Towards Saving the Whales
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A 5 page paper which presents the student with a tutorial example of a letter of request, asking for a donation to save the whales. The request asks for $100,000. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: RAwhales.wps

Resolving the Ecological Impacts of Algal Blooms
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A 10 page overview of the complexity of ecological problems created by algal blooms. Emphasizes that these blooms are caused by excess nutrient loading through pollutant discharges and that they result in tremendous impacts to ecological systems. Outlines the current state of regulation in regard to nutrient loading and details its application to algal blooms. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPalgae.wps

Restoration of Ecology
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A 7 page paper discussing techniques for restoring damaged ecological systems after disaster. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Resteco.wps

Review of Foster's "The Vulnerable Planet"
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A 5 page paper discussing John Bellamy Foster's work. This author concludes that only a dramatic "paradigm shift" in proportions never before seen will avert the impending environmental disasters awaiting us. According to the author, all those taking environmental positions without addressing societal needs are misguided and ineffective. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: KSVulPlan.wps

Salmon: The Needs of a Sustainable Fishery
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A 9 page discussion of the factors impacting the salmon populations of the Northwest coast. Addresses several normative economic questions regarding the value of the fishery and management efforts. Identifies damning as the primary impact and outlines the most appropriate management approach. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPsalmQs.wps

Salt Water Intrusion / An Overview
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A 5 page overview of the environmental problem of saltwater intrusion. Provides details of occurrences currently being experienced in Florida. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Swintrus.wps

Seed Dispersal and Germination: The Effects of Wind and Fire
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A 7 page discussion of the impact of fire and wind on seed germination and dispersal. Discusses the evolutionary adaptations of certain seeds which have allowed them to benefit from wind or fire and discusses how fire can have both direct and indirect effects on seed germination. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPseedDs.wps

Snowmobiles in Yellowstone
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This 5 page paper explores the factors involved in the environmental risk of allowing snowmobiles into Yellowstone National Park. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: KTsnwmbl.wps

Snowmobiling in Canada -- The Ultimate Offroad Experience
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This 6 page report discusses the fact that for snowmobile enthusiasts, there is nothing more exciting than the ability to access the back country in the dead of winter by riding and ramming a powerful machine through the fields and forests. In many jurisdictions throughout North America, snowmobiles are classified as off-road vehicles. This paper discusses the sports’ organizations, there purposes, and the environmental impact of snowmobiling in Canada. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWsnowmo.wps

Solar Energy
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5 pages in length. With fossil fuels inching their way out of existence within the next century, there is a great need for alternative and renewable energy sources. Solar energy meets all the criteria, because it is renewable and available to everyone across the globe. The writer discusses the pros and cons of solar power, as well as offers economic comparisons with traditional energy sources. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Esolar.wps

Solar Heat Panels
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A 5 page overview of the advantages and disadvantages of solar heat. Describes the design and function of several different types of systems ranging from the complex to a simplistic home-built unit. Emphasizes that the one real disadvantage of these systems, their costs, is quickly outweighed by operational savings. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPsolar.wps

Solar Power & Its Role In Environmental Sustainability
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This 12 page paper provides an overview to the development, use, and sustainability of solar energy. Economic issues of solar power are also discussed. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Solarpow.wps

Spreading the Message of Conservation
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A Comparison of the Dallas and Fort Worth Zoos A 5 page comparison of two zoos. Cautions that many zoos stand as much in testament to economics as they do to ecology. Contends that some zoos manage to accomplish a very important purpose far beyond economic profit, however. Of the thousands of zoos which exist throughout the United States, the Fort Worth Zoo and the Dallas Zoo stand out as among the best. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PPzoos.wps

Supply and Environmental Economics of the Shipping Industry
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This 32 page paper looks at the shipping industry, considering the way supply and demand effect the supply of new ships and the cost of scraping older ships at the end of their useful life. The paper looks at the economic cost, but focuses on the environment costs of scraping ship or the alternatives available. In considering the scraping of ships a case study is used. The paper include 6 graph and charts. The bibliography cites 10 sources.
Filename: TEscrshp.wps

Sustainable Development in the Modern World; The Schumacher Society; Role Aims and Effects;
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This 25 page paper looks at the way the idea of sustainable development has risen on the public and corporate agenda along with the role the Schumacher Society. The paper considers why there was a need for an organisation and the way in which this society works by way of lectures and sponsorship. The use of education as well as the use of resources and emphasis on local economies becoming self sufficient is also considered. The bibliography cites 11 sources.
Filename: TEschums.wps

Switzerland's Tourism Industry
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A 7 page research paper exploring the tourist industry in Switzerland. The largest single employing industry in the country, tourism is regulated by federal policies within which the ecology of the country is considered. Switzerland receives visitors totally more than four times it own population each year. Bibliography lists 7 references.
Filename: Swisstou.wps

Technological Mistakes and Follies of the Twentieth Century
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This 5 page paper focuses on two serious technological disasters of the twentieth century—the Bhopal disaster and the Exxon Valdez fiasco. How such mistakes may be avoided in the future is also discussed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA12320.rtf

Telecommunications Technology and Environmental Issues
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5 pages. This paper shows how the telecommunications companies are contributing to the environmental problems and issues, specifically that of toxic waste, air and water pollution. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JGAttenv.wps

Temperate Evergreen Forests of the World
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This 6 page paper focuses on the temperate evergreen forest and explains where they are found. Information on climate, flora, and fauna is included. Environmental concerns and problems are duly noted. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA138for.rtf

The Adverse Environmental Impact Of Heat Sensitive Paper
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This 5 page paper considers thermal papers, the way it is made, used and disposed of and the way that this can be seen as damaging to the environment. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEheatpp.wps

The Black Triangle / The Relationship Between Technological Development and Environmental Impact
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A 5 page paper that provides an overview of environmental conditions in the Black Triangle [in Europe] and relates them to technological and industrial development. Bibliography lists 5 source.
Filename: Blacktr.wps

The California Electricity Crisis
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5 pages in length. Political manipulation and a blatant disregard for human life reside at the core of California's electricity crisis. While the current situation has wreaked havoc upon the state's economic and emotional standing, this is not the first time that energy consumption has triggered such a domino effect. The prefabricated idea that there was a natural energy shortage caused overwhelming alarm for Californians in 1996, inasmuch as Middle East suppliers held back millions of barrels of oil in order to manipulate their political power. Now, some five years later, California is once again at the mercy of oil producers who continue to capitalize upon the need for one of life's most precious commodities. The writer discusses other causes of and potential solutions for California's electricity crisis. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCCALel.wps

The Canadian Forestry Industry
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This 5 page paper looks at the history and prospects of the forest products sector in Canada by looking at both general market conditions as well the situation of individual companies using both discussion and statistics. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEpulpca.wps

The Consequences Of Ground Water Withdrawal
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A 7 page examination of groundwater overdraft. Incudes information on environmental degradation and contamination, cones of depression, salt water intrusion and other impacts. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: Grndwatr.wps

The Constitutional Supremacy Clause and Environmental Regulation
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Colorado's Resistance to the "Federal Noxious Weed Act" A 5 page overview of the issues surrounding the supremacy of federal law in areas of environmental regulation. Specifically addresses federal rights in regard to the control of noxious weeds, as addressed in the 1975 "Federal Noxious Weed Act", an Act which is resented by Colorado which has enacted its own requirements for the control of noxious weeds. Outlines the relevance of the supremacy clause of the Constitution of the United States and the concept of executive power, also authorized by the Constitution. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPfedSup.wps

The Cost of Investment in Environmental Terms;
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This 5 page paper considers a hypothetical case of a fertiliser factory which is looking for funding from the world bank. The positive aspects, such as the improved local economy and reduced malnutrition are examined, as are the negative aspects such as pollution to the local environment and the international concerns. The paper ends with a recommendation to the world bank on the proposal. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEfertil.wps

The Damage of Weapons
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This 10 page paper examines the way that weapons technology and development has adversely impacted on the environment and human life. Weapons include nuclear and atomic, nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. The papers considers the financial costs as well as environmental and social costs, using examples such as the Hanford Nuclear plant clean-up, anthrax burying by the former Soviet Union and the use of herbicides in Vietnam and Columbia. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEweapon.wps

The Dangers of Nuclear Testing & The Reluctance to Stop It
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In their effort to create a bomb that would assure destruction of enemies, the world super powers of this century have created a legacy that could presumably destroy the entire world as we know it. This 7 page essay looks at the specific dangers of nuclear weapons testing and the political problems that exist in trying to prevent it from continuing. Various legislation and test ban treaties are discussed and the writer concludes that governments were evidently much more eager to create nuclear weapons than they are to ban them. Charts are included to show which countries are most responsible for testing nuclear weapons. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Nuketest.wps

The Degradation Of National And State Parks
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8 pages in length. It has been a problem environmentalists have grappled with for decades: the continuing degradation of public lands. National and state parks are showing signs of intense wear as people traipse along off-the-beaten-track and do not follow the unspoken law of the land: tread lightly and leave no trace. Also significant to the drastic devastation of national and state parks is the increased use of motorized recreational vehicles that do nothing more than rip up the land. The writer discusses public land degradation as it relates to national and state parks. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: ParkDeg.wps

The Dept. of Defense & The Environment
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A 7 page overview of the Department of Defense and its programs geared towards environmental maintenance. Provides good historical insight as well. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Deptdefe.wps

The Dust Bowl
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A 5 page paper which examines the book "The Dust Bowl: The Southern Plains in the 1930s" by Donald Worster. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAdustbwl.wps

The Ecology of Fear: Los Angeles and the Imagination of Disaster by Mike Davis.
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In his 1998 book, The Ecology of Fear and the Imagination of Disaster by Mike Davis, the Plagues of Biblical Egypt sound like a cakewalk compared to the geography of disasters that are waiting to happen in that unique "paradise by the sea," that calls its self Los Angles. Through misunderstanding and mismanagement, Davis claims, "The City of the Angeles" will only get worse. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBlafear.doc

The Effects of Carbide on the Human Body
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This 5 page paper examines the effects of carbide on the body. Asthma and respiratory problems are highlighted. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA042Car.wps

The Effects of Nonpoint Pollution on Aquatic Systems
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of the topic inclusive of a proposal to remedy the problem through proper research. The necessity for further research is emphasized and costs are discussed in detail. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA046H2O.wps

The Everglades: Ecological Diversity and Travesty
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A 5 page overview of the ecological diversity of the Everglades. Outlines the climatologic, ecological, and hydrologic factors which interact to make this one of the most ecologically diverse systems on earth. Discusses the threats to this system the changes which have occurred over the years. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPevrgld.wps

The Expansion of Cattle Ranching in the West
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An 8 page overview of the initiation of cattle ranching in the West. Traces the history of this land use from the Spanish land grants to the Treaty of Guadelupe Hildalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, in which Mexico ceded Arizona,California, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming to the United States. Continues in the history through the opening of the Cherokee strip in Oklahoma. Emphasizes that cattle ranching can have many adverse impacts in addition to its positive ones. Notes the displacement of indigenous peoples and animals which occurred as ancillary impacts to the expansion of cattle ranching in the West. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPranch.wps

The Fate of the Earth
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This 5 page report discusses the undeniable fact that any and every environment can support only a certain level of load placed upon it by its varied inhabitants. The load consists of the resources the inhabitants consume, as well as the wastes they expel. When that consumption and waste load exceeds what the environment can tolerate, the environment, quite simply, begins to break down. It is this very elementary fact that must be kept as the foremost component in our consciousness when considering environmental concerns and the conservation of natural resources. Without such consciousness, the fate of the earth and humanity along with it is undeniably bleak. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BWfateE.wps

The Garbage Dilemma
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This 8 page report examines the different ways garbage affects us and how it is disposed of. Highlighted is an argument in favor of incineration. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Incinera.wps

The Greenhouse Effect; Causes and Solutions
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This 6 page paper looks at the problem of global warming defining and describing some of the possible causes, such as carbon dioxide, water vapour and the natural temperature cycles. The paper also considers some of the proposed solutions to these problems. The bibliography cites 9 sources.
Filename: TEglowar.wps

The Health Effects of the Spraying for West Nile Virus
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This 7 page paper provides an overview of the health effects of the spraying to kill mosquitoes during the summers of 1999 and 2000 in New York. Both sides of the controversy are explored. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA049Nil.wps

The Hefty Price of Overpopulation: Global Warming, Ecological Pollution and Other Impacts
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A 6 page discussion of the numerous environmental impacts which have resulted form human overpopulation. Contends that if these impacts aren't addressed, if we don't strive for a more sustainable approach to our environment, the world as we know it will be short-lived. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPovrPop.wps

The Impact of Environmentally Friendly Products in Britain's Supermarkets
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This 7 page paper looks at changes in Britain's supermarkets inclusive of strict government regulations and industry standards. Environmentally friendly products are discussed in light of the expansion of the British supermarket and its impact on the society and the economy. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA019Env.wps

The Impact of the Automobile Hybrids
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This 5 page paper takes a look at the hybrids introduced in 2000 and, most importantly, future ramifications. The political, economic, environmental and social impacts of the invention are discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA037car.wps

The Impacts of Organic Loading on Estuarine Ecology
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A 10 page overview of the multitude of impacts which excessive nutrients can have in an estuarine system. Emphasizes the impacts to benthic species such as macrophytic plants, gastropods, bivalves, and crustaceans. Concludes that the solution to these problems is far from simplistic, that in involves not only regulation and enforcement but also a consistent approach around the world in regard to nutrient loading. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPbenthc.wps

The Impacts of Second Hand Smoke to Lung Function in Children: A Proposed Study
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A 21 page overview of the impacts of second hand smoke in pulmonary function. Contends that secondary smoke can be linked to such a diversity of pulmonary conditions as lung cancer, asthma, and respiratory infection from a variety of viruses and bacteria. Suggests that children in particular are susceptible to this impact. Suggests an experimental design to better quantify those problems utilizing a sample base of patients already hospitalized in pediatric wards for both pulmonary and non-pulmonary complaints. Provides sample surveys designed to be administered to children age eleven to fifteen and their parents to identify the degree of environmental smoke in the home. Relies on the utilization of salivary testing for cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, to further quantify the degree of smoking which an individual is exposed to in the home. Suggests that coupling this information with pulmonary function testing which has already occurred in the clinical situation would provide a ready, cost-effective, means of quantifying the impact of secondary smoke on pulmonary function.
Filename: PPsmoke2.wps

The Importance of Biodiversity
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A 12 page research paper that examines the incredible rich variety of life that exists within the Earth's biosphere. Referring primarily to Edward O. Wilson's The Diversity of Life, the writer discusses the decline in biodiversity and its possible implications. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khbiodiv.wps

The Internet and Environmental Politics
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This 5 page paper looks at the way politics and environmentalism in politics may be influenced by the advent of the internet. Issue such as increased access to knowledge and the increased communication it provides are discussed as is the role and influence of misinformation. Cases are cited to illustrate the points raised. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEenvipo.wps

The Kingdom of Jordan, Free Trade, and the Environment
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This 24 page report discusses the fact that environmental issue must be considered, regardless of political or economic considerations, from a number of specific perspectives that address underlying issues that relate to environmental responsibility separate and apart from political ideologies. The situations in which the Kingdom of Jordan finds itself as it makes a free trade agreement with the US serves as an example of such necessary considerations and concerns. Bibliography lists 22 sources.
Filename: BWjorenv.wps

The Nitrogen Cycle
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The Nitrogen Cycle: This 5-page essay examines issues relevant to this critical element, how Man has tampered to the Earth’s detriment to increase its availability, and the ramifications of his interference. In addition, future resolutions to these problems are discussed in detail. Bibliography lists 4 sources. SNNitrog.doc
Filename: SNNitrog.doc

The Ozone Layer
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A well-researched 8 page essay in which the author discusses the ozone layer. The composition of the ozone, the harmfulness, and possible benefits are discussed. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Ozonel.wps

The Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis)
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A 7 page overview of the environmental factors affecting the Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in regard to their feeding patterns and development. Emphasizes that life history varies in accordance with a number of factors including the habitat in which the fish live and the prey species which are desirable, or at the very least available. Concludes that halibut feeding patterns are both directly and indirectly correlated with such factors as the relative age of a Halibut and environmental factors such as water depth, oxygen level, and turbulence. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPhalibt.wps

The Peace Corps-Then and Now
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(6pp) The Peace Corps of the United States has been doing "business" for over four decades. This discussion looks at how and where the organization started, and the progress that it has made, as well as how it has served its mission in the process of world growth in underdeveloped nations. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBpeaceC.doc.

The Physiological Impacts of Dioxins
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A 12 page overview of the far reaching effects of dioxins such as chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs), chlorinated dibenzofurans (CDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Notes that although some dioxins are produced naturally, many are produced as pollutants from industrial applications and such activities as the incineration of waste products. Outlines the impacts